Cosmetic Surgery

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• Cosmetic Surgery

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Definitions

• Plastic Surgery
• - A medical specialty that uses a number of
  surgical and nonsurgical techniques to change the
  appearance and function of a person's body.
• - the subspecialty dedicated to the surgical
  repair of defects of form or function -- this
  includes cosmetic (or aesthetic) surgery, as well
  as reconstructive surgery.
• (recognized by the American Board of Medical
  Specialties)

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Definitions

• Cosmetic Surgery
• - refers to surgery that is designed to improve
  cosmetics, or appearance.
• - enhances natural beauty. Skin, fat, and muscle
  are surgically removed, repositioned, reshaped,
  and/or tightened to rejuvenate, enhance, improve
  appearance, and balance body proportions.

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Types of Cosmetic Surgery

• Abdominoplasty (or "tummy tuck") reshaping and
  firming of the abdomen
• Blepharoplasty (or "eyelid surgery") Reshaping
  of the eyelids or the application of permanent
  eyeliner
• Mammoplasty
• - Breast augmentation (or "breast enlargement"
  or "boob job") Augmentation of the breasts. This
  can involve either saline or silicone gel
  prosthetics.
• - Breast reduction Removal of skin and
  glandular tissue. Indicated to reduce back and
  shoulder pain or for psychological benefit in
  women with macromastia.
• - Breast lift (Mastopexy) Lifting or
  reshaping of breasts to make them less saggy,
  often after weight loss (after a pregnancy, for
  example). It involves removal of breast skin as
  opposed to glandular tissue.

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Types of Cosmetic Surgery

• Buttock Augmentation (or "butt augmentation" or
  "butt implants") Enhancement of the buttocks.
  This procedure can be performed by using silicone
  implants or fat grafting and transfer from other
  areas of the body.
• Chemical peel Minimizing the appearance of
  acne, pock, and other scars as well as wrinkles
  (depending on concentration and type of agent
  used, except for deep furrows), solar lentigines
  (age spots, freckles), and photodamage in
  general. Chemical peels commonly involve carbolic
  acid (Phenol), trichloroacetic acid (TCA),
  glycolic acid (AHA), or salicylic acid (BHA) as
  the active agent.
• Labiaplasty Surgical reduction and reshaping
  of the labia
• Rhinoplasty (or "nose job") Reshaping of the
  nose

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Types of Cosmetic Surgery

• Otoplasty (or ear surgery) Reshaping of the
  ear
• Rhytidectomy (or "face lift") Removal of
  wrinkles and signs of aging from the face
• Suction-Assisted Lipectomy (or liposuction)
  Removal of fat from the body
• Chin augmentation Augmentation of the chin
  with an implant (e.g. silicone) or by sliding
  genioplasty of the jawbone.

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WHY??

• Basic reasons
• To become beautiful / enhance ones beauty
• Increase self confidence / self esteem
• Fad

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Quick Facts 2007

• From 2006-2007, there was a 2 increase in the
  total number of cosmetic procedures. Surgical
  procedures increased by 8, and nonsurgical
  procedures increased by 1 percent.
• Since 1997, there has been a 457 increase in the
  total number of cosmetic procedures. Surgical
  procedures increased by 114, and nonsurgical
  procedures increased by 754.
• The top five surgical cosmetic procedures in 2007
  were liposuction (456,828 procedures) breast
  augmentation (399,440 procedures) eyelid surgery
  (240,763 procedures) abdominoplasty (185,335
  procedures) and breast reduction (153,087
  procedures).
• The top five nonsurgical cosmetic procedures in
  2007 were Botox injection (2,775,176
  procedures) hyaluronic acid (1,448,716
  procedures) laser hair removal (1,412,657
  procedures) microdermabrasion (829,658
  procedures) and IPL laser treatment (647,707
  procedures).
• Women had nearly 10.6 million cosmetic
  procedures, 91 of the total. The number of
  cosmetic procedures for women increased 1 from
  2006.
• Men had nearly 1.1 million cosmetic procedures,
  9 of the total. The number of cosmetic
  procedures for men increased 17 from 2006.
• Implants for young women under the age of 18 have
  tripled in the last five years.
• Americans spent just under 13.2 billion on
  cosmetic procedures last year (2006).

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Risks of Cosmetic Surgery

• Infection of area worked on and a general
  infection of the body if smaller infections are
  not cared for properly
• Embolism may occur when fat is loosened and
  enters the blood through blood vessels ruptured
  (broken) during liposuction.
• Skin death or "necrosis"

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Risks of Cosmetic Surgery

• Loss of sensation on any part that is cut /
  removed (when the flesh is cut / removed, nerve
  endings are also cut)
• Auto immune like symptoms are also present in
  some women who have received implants
• Opposite results (for those who were fooled by
  fake doctors)
• Fetus death (example from TV Patrol)
• Death (at least 3 deaths in every 100,000
  procedures can be seen)

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Moral or Immoral?

• Changing ones appearance isnt, in general,
  immoral. People change the color of their hair,
  whiten their teeth, women put on make-up, and the
  like are some of the things people do to feel
  good about themselves. But when people cross the
  line, cosmetic surgery becomes immoral. Here are
  some of the reasons that make cosmetic surgery
  immoral

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When is it Immoral?

• When a person is being coerced to have procedure
  (by parents, husband, etc) and the doctor/s
  is/are aware of this but performs regardless.
• When it is done to avoid justice or other
  deceptive reason (ie Pt is a fugetive and wanting
  to disguise his looks to evade police).
• When it is against the patient's best interest
  (they're unhealthy and not fit for major surgery)
  and the doctor/s is/are aware but performs
  anyway.
• When an underage patient is getting a breast
  augmentation. (For crying out loud, theyre still
  developing!)
• After numerous surgeries on one part (ie nose)
  and the patient is still not satisfied.
• Patients that finance their surgeries while being
  unable to afford basics for their family--good
  nutrition, health care, school supplies, safe
  housing, etc.
• When it becomes an obsession.

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Always remember

• Cosmetic surgery deals in improvement--not in
  perfection.