Complex Animals

1
Complex Animals

• Animals are spilt into two major groups
• Vertebrates
• Invertebrates

2
Arthropods - Jointed-leg

• Have lots of legs and segmented bodies.
• There are five group of arthropods
• Crustaceans - First Class
• Arachnids - Second Class
• Centipedes - Third Class
• Millipedes - Fourth Class
• Insects - Fifth Class

3
Arthropods - Jointed-leg animals

• Bilateral symmetry
• Appendages - a structure that grows out of the
  body. Legs, claws antennae(smell,touch)
• Exoskeleton - outside skeleton
• Hard waterproof substance
• Protection and protects from drying out
• Provides a place for muscle to attach
• Molting - shedding of exoskeleton.
  vulnerable state
• Compound eyes - eyes with many lenses

4
Arthropods - Crustacean

• Crab, lobster, crayfish, pillbug shrimp
• Have five-seven pairs of legs with claws
• Bodies covered in shell
• Head-thorax fused

5
Arthropods - Arachnid

• Examples from photos
• Have four pairs of legs.
• Have bodies divided into two sections -
  Head/thorax abdomen

6
Arthropods Centipedes Millipedes

• Have long thin bodies and pairs of legs on each
  of their many body sections
• Centi - eats insects
• 2 legs/segment
• Milli - eats decaying plants.
• 4 legs/segment

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Arthropods - Insects

• Examples from photos
• Have three pairs of legs
• Bodies divided into three sections
• Often have wings
• Eat insects, pollinate

8
Echinoderms - Spiny-skin

• Examples from photos
• Bodies divided into five parts - Symmetry?
• Have spiny outer covering
• Tube feet are used for
• movement and feeding

9
Vertebrates - most complex of all animals.

• These are animals with a
• backbone - Chordate phylum.
• Chordate -
• an animal that,
• at some point in its
• life has a tough,
• flexible rod
• along its back.

10
There are Seven Classes of vertebrates

• Fish - Jawless, Cartilage, Bony
• Amphibians
• Reptiles
• Birds
• Mammals

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Fish

• Cold-blooded - cannot maintain its body
  temperature
• Female lays eggs in water - Males deposit sperm.
• Lives in water
• Most have gills(breathing) and scales for
  protection

12
Jawless Fish

• Examples
• Sea lamprey Hagfish
• Snake-like body
• Lack jaws
• Parasitic - hook on to a prey suck blood
• Bodies are covered with slime

13
Cartilage Fish

• Examples from photos
• Skeleton is made of cartilage
• Many rows of teeth and paired fins
• Shark scales are tooth-like
• Rays have flat bodies and live on the ocean
  bottom
• Stingers in their tails - poison

14
Bony Fish

• Examples from photos
• Skeleton is made of bone
• Paired fins and bony scales
• Bony fish have swim bladders that aid in
  horizontal movement
• Ensures reproduction by laying thousands of eggs.

15
Amphibians

• Examples from photos
• Lives on land and water
• 2 reasons to be tied to water lay jelly coated
  eggs in water has to keep skin moist
• Cold blooded - cannot maintain body temp
  hibernation
• Metamorphosis

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Reptiles

• Examples from photos
• Have dry scaly skin
• First chordates to live totally on land
• Lay leathery shelled eggs
• Cold blooded - cant maintains body temp
• Internal fertilization

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Birds

• Examples from photos
• Have feathers, hollow
• bones air sacs
• Lay hard shelled eggs
• Warm blooded - maintains
• internal body temp
• Eat insects food source
• Diff. beaks for diff. food

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Mammals

• Have hair and produce milk - mammary glands
• Give birth to live offspring (no eggs)
• Warm blooded

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Mammals - two other groups

• Kangaroos opossums - pouch mammals
• Duck-billed platypus - egg-laying mammal
• (monotremes)

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Summary of Vertebrates