Elements of Short stories

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Elements of Short stories
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Carousel Brainstorming
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Introduction Rap

• Elements of Short Stories Rap

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Why do people write?

• To try and explain why people act the way that
  they do

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Setting

• The time and location in which a story takes
  place
• Place geographical location
• Time When is the story taking place?
• Historical Period
• Time of Day
• Time of Year

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Plot

• How the author arranges events to develop the
  basic idea
• The sequence of events in a story or play
• Introduction/Exposition
• Rising Action
• Climax
• Falling Action
• Conclusion/Denouement

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Five Essential elements of Plot

• Introduction (Exposition) the beginning of the
  story where the characters and the setting is
  revealed
• Rising Action the events of the story become
  complicated and the conflict of the story is
  revealed
• Events between introduction and climax

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Five Essential Elements of Plot

• Climax the highest point of interest and the
  turning point of the story.
• What will happen next?
• Will the conflict be resolved or not?
• Falling Action the events and issues in the
  story begin to resolve themselves
• Was the conflict resolved?
• Events between climax and denouement

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Five Essential Elements of Plot

• Resolution (Denouement) Final outcome or
  untangling of events in the story
• French word for untying

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Conflict

• A situation or problem that a character has to
  try and resolve
• A constant, ongoing struggle that the main
  character is trying to find a solution to
• Two Types
• Internal
• External

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Conflict

• Two Types of Conflict
• External a struggle with a force outside the
  character
• Internal a struggle within a character a
  character has to make a decision, overcome pain,
  quiet their temper, resist an urge, etc.

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Types of Conflict External

• Man vs. Man the main character struggles with
  another character
• Good guy vs. bad guy
• Man vs. Circumstances the main character
  struggles against fate or the circumstances of
  life facing him/her
• Hamlet

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Types of conflict External

• Man vs. Society the main character struggles
  against ideas, practices, or customs in their
  society
• Man vs. Nature the main character struggles
  against nature, a natural disaster, or animals
• A struggle to survive

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Internal Conflict

• Man vs. Himself the main characters struggle
  takes place in his/her own mind. Usually has
  something to do with a choice (choosing between
  right and wrong), or it may have to do with
  overcoming emotions or mixed feelings

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Character

• Character the people in a work of fiction
• Character Development the change in the person
  from the beginning to the end of the story
• Characterization the way a person looks, talks,
  acts, or thinks

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Character

• Protagonist main character of the story who is
  faced with a conflict
• Usually the hero or good guy
• Antagonist person who goes against the main
  character who may contribute to the conflict
• Usually the villain or bad guy

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Point of view

• First Person Point of View
• One of the characters in the story is telling the
  story through their perspective, or through their
  own eyes
• When reading stories written in first person, we
  need to realize that what the narrator is saying
  is based on their own personal feelings

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Point of view

• Third Person Omniscient Point of View
• The narrator is not a character in the story
• The narrator is an outside voice that lets us
  know exactly how the characters feel.
• We learn about the characters through this
  outside voice.

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Point of View

• Objective Point of View
• The writer tells what happens without stating
  more than can be inferred from the story's action
  and dialogue.
• The narrator never tells anything about what the
  characters think or feel, remaining a detached
  observer.

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Theme

• Controlling idea in a piece of fiction or its
  central insight
• The authors underlying meaning
• Main idea the author is trying to explain
• The theme may be an authors thoughts about a
  topic or view of human nature
• Examples of Common Themes from Literature, TV,
  and Film
• Things are not always what they appear to be
• Love is blind
• Believe in yourself
• Evil exists in the world

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Irony

• When the opposite of what you expect to happen
  takes place
• Verbal Irony when someone says one thing, but
  really means another
• Kind of like sarcasm

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Symbol

• Person, place, thing, or event that stands for
  itself and for something beyond itself
• Example heart stands for the actual organ and
  for love

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Flashback

• A scene in a story that interrupts the present
  action of the plot to flash backwards and tell
  what happened at an earlier time

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Flash-Forward

• A scene in a story that interrupts the present
  action of the plot and goes into the future