Daily TAKS Connection: Replication, Transcription, Translation

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Daily TAKS ConnectionReplication,
Transcription, Translation

• BIO(6) The student knows that the structures and
  functions of nucleic acids in the mechanisms of
  genetics. The student is expected to
• (B) Explain replication, transcription, and
  translation using models of DNA and RNA.

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Foldable Instructions

• Construct a three tab foldable
• Materials
• Foldable handout
• Scissors
• Pen
• Colored pencils/crayons

• Instructions
• Hotdog fold paper along center line
• Cut tabs from edge to center along dotted lines

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DNA Replication Notes

• Record the following notes under the flap labeled
  Replication -
• DNA synthesis
• DNA ? DNA
• Occurs in the nucleus
• DNA double helix unwinds separates at hydrogen
  bond between base pairs
• DNA polymerase adds base pairs to both strands
• Adenine complements Thymine
• Guanine complements Cytosine
• Two New DNA molecules formed one strand
  original, one strand new

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Question 1 (Answer questions from notes on the
back of your foldable.

• DNA passes information to new DNA during the
  process of
• replication
• b. transcription
• c. translation
• d. osmosis

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Question 2

• Which of the following must occur before DNA
  replication can take place?
• a. Translation of DNA into amino acids
• b. Separation of the DNA molecule into
• codons
• c. Transformation of DNA into RNA
• d. Separation of the DNA double helix

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Question 3

• Part of a DNA strand is represented in the
  diagram shown. In order for DNA to replicate, the
  strand must separate at which of the following
  locations?
• a. Between every phosphate-sugar pair
• b. Between the eight sugar-base pairs
• c. Between the four nitrogenous base pairs
• d. Between any two chemical bonds

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Question 4

• If the template of a strand of DNA is 5'
  TCTACGTAG 3', the complementary strand will be
• a. 3' TCTACGTAG 5'
• b. 5' CTACGTAGA 3'
• c. 3' AGATGCATC 5'
• d. 5' AGACGTCTA 3'

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Transcription Notes

• Record the following notes under the flap labeled
  Transcription -
• RNA synthesis
• DNA ? RNA
• Occurs in the nucleus
• Adenine from DNA complements Uracil in RNA
• Thymine from DNA complements Adenine in RNA
• Guanine from DNA complements Cytosine in RNA
• Cytosine from DNA complements Guanine in RNA

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Question 5

• DNA passes information to RNA during the process
  of
• a. replication
• b. transcription
• c. translation
• d. osmosis

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Question 6
3' CGGUAU 5' This is a short section of mRNA.
Which DNA code probably produced this section of
RNA? a. 3' GCCTUT 5' b. 5' GCCAUT 3'
c. 3' ATTGCC 5' d. 5' GCCATA 3'
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Question 7

• Which of these represents the DNA segment from
  which this section of mRNA was transcribed?
• a. ACTAAG
• b. TCUTTG
• c. GAAUCU
• d. UCCTGA

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Question 8

• The diagram shows how an mRNA molecule is
  synthesized. What would be the most likely result
  if a bacterial infection stopped the production
  of the RNA polymerase?
• a. A protein could not be manufactured.
• b. A lysosome would digest the cell.
• c. Osmosis would not occur in the cell.
• d. Dehydration could be prevented in the
  cytoplasm.

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Translation Notes

• Record the following notes under the flap labeled
  Translation -
• Protein synthesis
• RNA ? protein
• Occurs at the ribosomes
• Codons (3 base sequence) code for amino acids
• Use codon chart to determine amino acid
• Amino acids link together to form protein

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Activity

• Using the codon chart, transcribe the RNA
  nucleotide sequence below
• UUCACGGAAUGG

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Question 9

• RNA is used to code for proteins during the
  process of
• a. replication
• b. transcription
• c. translation
• d. osmosis

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Question 10

• Translation (protein synthesis) takes place in a
  cell at the
• nucleus
• mitochondria
• ribosome
• cell membrane