Puberty

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ADOLESCENCE

• Puberty
• Testosterone in males estrogen progesterone
  in females are responsible for changes that
  affect teens during puberty.
• Physical changes
• Primary sex characteristics
• Gametes male gametes sperm, female gametes
  ova (eggs)
• Production of sperm begins _at_ puberty.
• All eggs are present _at_ birth, but dont mature
  until puberty.
• Secondary sex characteristics
• Females breasts develop, waistline narrows, hips
  widen, body fat increases.
• Males facial hair, voice deepens, shoulders
  broaden, muscles develop.
• Both body hair appears, permanent teeth grow in,
  perspiration increases.

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MENTAL CHANGES

• By the age of 6, brain is 95 of adult size.
• Cerebrum (thinking part of brain) continues to
  develop in adolescence.
• Continual develop increases memory cognition.
• How does increases in memory cognition help you
  in other ways during adolescence and into
  adulthood?
• Problem solving in more complex ways
• Anticipate consequences of particular actions
• Think logically
• Understand different points of views.
• THE TEENAGE BRAIN

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EMOTIONAL CHANGES

• Adolescence associated w/ bursts of energy and
  waves of strong emotions.
• Why do you think the emotional changes during
  adolescence are difficult to control?
• Making friends being accepted becomes
  important.
• Meeting new people in high school can lead to
  change in friends.
• How can meeting new friends and associated with
  different groups help your personal growth?

Social changes
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DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

• Establish emotional psychological independence.
• Develop a personal sense of identity.
• Adopt a personal value system.
• Establish adult vocational goals.
• Develop control over your behavior.

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REFLECT DISCUSS

• Reflect on two moments on your life that you feel
  changed the way you think or act. Ah ha
  moments, epiphanies.
• What specific things about these moments changed
  your perceptions or actions?
• Now, think about the developmental tasks of
  adolescents.
• How did these moments help you reach your
  developmental tasks of adolescence?

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DO NOW

• What is adolescence?
• Describe and appraise the significance of two
  body changes that occur in males and two that
  occur in females during adolescence.
• What is cognition?

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STAGES OF ADULTHOOD
YOUNG ADULTHOOD 19 40 years
LATE ADULTHOOD 65 years - death
MIDDLE ADULTHOOD 40 65 years
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YOUNG ADULTHOOD

• Developmental Tasks of young adults
• To develop personal independence
• Can begin when an individual leaves home or works
  full-time
• Transition moves from emotional support from
  family, to support from friends to becoming self
  sufficient
• Making occupational choices
• Going to college and choosing a major area of
  study
• Enlisting in the military
• Establishing intimate relationships
• Need for emotional intimacy the ability to
  experience a caring, loving relationship w/
  another person w/ whom you can share your
  innermost feelings.
• What are some developmental tasks a person should
  achieve before entering into an emotionally
  intimate relationship? Why?
• Contributing to society
• How do I fit into society?
• What are my political views and religious
  beliefs?
• What are some ways that individuals during young
  adulthood exercise their ability to contribute to
  society?

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MIDDLE ADULTHOOD

• Developmental tasks of middle adulthood
• Contributing to society
• Helping guide future generations
• Develop a sense of unity w/ a mate
• Reverse roles w/ aging parents
• Helping growing grown children to be
  responsible adults
• Generativity vs. Stagnation
• Break down the word generativity into two words
• genera. tivity. What other words have the
  letters genera in the word and what other words
  use the letters tivity as the suffix?
• What do you think these two words mean?

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GENERATIVITY vs. STAGNATION

• Generativity- a sense of productivity and
  accomplishment.
• Stagnation- A feeling that arises when a person
  is self-centered and unable or unwilling to help
  society, a dissatisfaction with the relative lack
  of productivity.

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LATE ADULTHOOD

• Developmental tasks of late adulthood
• Retrospective
• Looking back on ones life accomplishments
• Individuals will either gain a sense of
  contentment integrity if they feel a sense of
  accomplishment, or a sense of despair if they see
  a life of disappointments and unachieved goals.

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• Most empirical research into Erikson has stemmed
  around his views on
• adolescence and attempts to establish identity.
  His theoretical approach
• was studied and supported, particularly regarding
  adolescence, by James
• E. Marcia.3 Marcia's work has distinguished
  different forms of identity,
• and there is some empirical evidence that those
  people who form the
• most coherent self-concept in adolescence are
  those who are most able to
• make intimate attachments in early adulthood.
  This supports Eriksonian
• theory, in that it suggests that those best
  equipped to resolve the crisis of
• early adulthood are those who have most
  successfully resolved the crisis
• of adolescence.
• On the other hand, Erikson's theory may be
  questioned as to whether
• his stages must be regarded as sequential, and
  only occurring within the age
• ranges he suggests. There is debate as to whether
  people only search for identity
• during the adolescent years or if one stage needs
  to happen before other stages
• can be completed.
• Do you feel that every individual reaches each
  development task in the specific age range in
  sequential order, or do you believe that
  individuals can reach certain tasks during
  different ages in non-specific order?

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Do now

• When do most people reach physical maturity?
• What is the difference between emotional maturity
  and emotional intimacy?
• What are the four developmental tasks of
  adulthood?

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MARRIAGE
CHARACTERISTICS OF MARRIAGE
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Choosing marriage

• What are the differences between a serious dating
  relationship and marriage?
• Relationship becomes more thoughtful.
• Make deeper commitments to each other.
• Consider long term consequences when making
  decisions.
• Commit to spend lives together care for each
  other throughout lives.
• MARRIAGE STATS

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Successful marriages

• Good communication
• Share feelings express needs concerns.
• Emotional maturity
• Try to understand partners needs are willing
  to compromise.
• Dont always think of themselves first. What is
  best for the relationship?
• Similar values interests
• Share attitudes about importance of good health,
  religious beliefs, cultural heritage, family
  friendships.
• Do opposites attract?

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CONFLICTS IN MARRIAGE

• Differences in spending saving habits.
• Conflicting loyalties involving family friends.
• Lack of communication.
• Lack of intimacy.
• Jealously, infidelity, or lack of attention.
• Decisions about having children arranging child
  care.
• Abusive tendencies or attitudes.

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RESPONSIBILITIES OF PARENTHOOD

• Providing guidance
• Individual responsibility
• Encouraging children and helping develop a sense
  of pride.
• Instilling values
• Passing down strong commitment to value system
  spirituality.
• Setting limits
• Clearly defined set of rules. Allows children to
  learn limits become self-directed.
• How do you feel setting limits leads to becoming
  self-directed?
• Giving unconditional love
• Showing love at all times, whether child is
  well-behaved, happy, sad, sick or afraid.

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DO NOW

• What commitment do two people make to each other
  when they marry?
• What are two communication skills that help
  determine a successful marital adjustment?
• Describe how parents, grandparents and others
  contribute to a healthy family.

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TRANSITIONS THROUGH MIDDLE ADULTHOOD

• Physical
• Skin loses elasticity
• Functioning of bodys organs slows
• Bodys immune system becomes less effective
• Females experience menopause around 45-55
• Stopping of ovulation and menstruation (can no
  longer become pregnant).
• Hormonal changes during menopause associated w/
  hot flashes.
• Mental
• Mental activities such as solving puzzles,
  reading and playing board games provide mental
  stimulation.
• What are some changes that have occurred in our
  society that have caused older individuals to
  learn new things?

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Transitions cont.

• Emotional
• Similar to the growing pains of adolescence.
• Midlife crisis derives from
• Questions and concerns about whether they have
  met their goals
• Feel loved and valued
• Have made positive difference in the lives of
  others.
• Social
• Death of a parent or need to adjust to childrens
  growing up and leaving home (empty nest
  syndrome).
• Many individuals pursue new interests and make
  new friends.

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DO NOW

1. What transitions do people in middle adulthood
   face?
2. What causes empty-nest syndrome?
3. What is integrity?