Nutrient Needs

1
Nutrient Needs
2
Nutrition

• The study of how your body uses the food you eat.

3
Malnutrition

• Poor nutrition over an
• extended period of time.

• Body does not get what it needs from food

• Body does not have the nutrients it needs for
• energy, growth, repair and the regulation of
• various body processes.

4
So what do we eat?

• Food is made up of Nutrients..
• a chemical found in foods, critical to human
  growth and function.
• Nutrients
• Supply energy
• Help build cells and tissues
• Regulate body processes

5
Malnutrition

• Causes overweight and underweight health
  situations
• Delays or inhibits growth and development as well
  as resistance to diseases in children
• Affects teenage girls in childbearing years
• Severely affects unborn child in pregnant women
• Affects your health and life span

6
Nutrients

• Carbohydrates
• Fats
• Proteins
• Vitamins
• Minerals
• Water

7
Carbohydrates

• 1 ENERGY source
• Mainly from plant sources
• Whole grainimportant for fiber
• Fiber non digestible 20 35 g/day (age 5)
• Two types---simple and complex
• 4 Calories/gram
• All must get broken down into simple sugars for
  the body to absorb
• Glucose, sucrose, fructose, maltose, lactose,
  starch, cellulose

8
Fats

• Promote healthy skin and cell growth
• Saturated fats ? raise LDL
• Unsaturated fats ? may lower cholesterol
• Monounsaturated and Polyunsaturated fats
• HydrogenationCrisco
• Trans fatty acidspartially hydrogenated oils
• 9 calories/gram
• Energy source transport nutrients (fat sol. Vit)
• Excess stored as fat in the body
• CholesterolLDL , HDL a fat like substance
• Adds flavor to foods

9
Protein

• The chemical building blocks of the body needed
  for growth, maintenance and repair of tissues.
• Repair body tissues, immune system
• 1/5 of entire body weight
• Excess stored as fat
• Chains of amino acids22 needed 9 essential
• Complete proteinsanimal source and soy
• Incomplete proteinsmissing 1 key amino acid
• Kwashiorkordeficiency
• 4 calories/gram

10
Vitamins

• Keep body tissues healthy and help systems
  function properly
• Fat solubleADEK
• Water solubleC, B
• Organic
• Avisionbeta carotenedark green leafy and
  yellow/orange
• Dcalcium absorptionsunshine vitaminfortified
  milk rickets
• E antioxidant, clear skin nuts and oils, green
  leafy veggies
• Kclotting of the blood green leafy veggie,
  daily, egg yolks
• Cimmune systemascorbic acid, maintain healthy
  bones, teeth, iron absorption, antioxidant
  scurvy
• Bin all grains
• Niacinb3 nervous system and carbs to energy
  pellagra
• Riboflavin b2 carbs to energy
• Thiamin b1 carbs to energy, nervous system
  beri beri
• Folatebirth defects, builds red blood cells with
  b12 green leafy veggies, grains

11
Minerals

• Macro and micro minerals (trace elements)
• Inorganic
• Calcium-bone growth , osteoporosis
• Phosphorus-with calcium, build body cells
• Sodium, chlorine, potassium-osmosis-fluid balance
• Iron-carries oxygen in blood
• Zinc-body heals, growth of tissues
• Fluorine-strengthens teeth-water
• Iodine-bodies use of energy-Iodized salt

12
Water

• Critical to survival
• 60 of your body (80 of blood)
• Needed in most chemical reactions in body
• Hydration
• Temperature control of the body
• Weight 3-8new needs in glasses/day
• Sourceswater, juices, milk, fruit, soup etc..