Unit 2- Materials: Structure and Uses

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Unit 2- Materials Structure and Uses

• Section 2. A
• Why we use what we do

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Do Now

• Read pages. 108-109
• What kind of coin would you like to have?

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Objectives

• 1. SWBAT define properties and changes.
• 2. SWBAT distinguish between physical and
  chemical changes and classify examples of each.
• 3. SWBAT differentiate between metals, non
  metals, and metalloids and their locations on the
  period table.
• Wkst U2A1, HW pg 130 (1-6)

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2.A.1 Properties make the difference

• What are some materials people of the past have
  used as currency?
• What makes a material suitable or useable to
  produce coins?
• How important is appearance or cost?

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Physical Properties

• Characteristics that distinguish elements from
  other things
• Ex. Color, density, odor
• Can be observed without altering chemical
  structure

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Chemical Property

• Describes how the element reacts with other
  elements or substances

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Chemical vs. Physical Changes
Chemical Change Physical Change
-substance changes into one or more NEW substances EX- -Appearance can change although chemical structure remains intact EX-
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Example 1

• Iron RUSTING
• Observing a chemical change can often mean the
  formation of a gas or solid
• Thermal energy can be given off or absorbed

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p.111- Developing Skills

• Consider the statement Copper compounds are
  often blue in color. Does this statement
  describe a physical or chemical property? Why?

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p. 111 Developing Skills

• Consider this statement Oxygen gas supports the
  burning of wood. Does this statement refer to
  the physical or chemical property of oxygen gas?
  Explain.

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Answer

• Burning or combustion of wood- involves a
  chemical reaction
• Wood and oxygen (reactants) change into ash,
  carbon dioxide and water vapor.

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Do Now

• List at least one chemical property and one
  physical property

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Objectives

• 1. SWBAT distinguish between physical and
  chemical changes and classify examples of each.

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Think-Pair-Share

• Pg 112 1-9

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Complete WKST U2A1

• HW

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A.3 Properties Matter Designing the Penny

• 1. Cost
• A. Cost of the production of the penny must be
  matched by its face value (0.01)
• B. Early 1980s Copper became too expensive and
  Zinc replaced it
• C. In 1943, during WWII, Zinc plated steel
  pennies (quickly corroded)

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A.3 Properties Matter Designing the Penny

• 2. Solution
• Post 1982 pennies 97.5 Zinc
• Copper coating a Zinc Core

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A.4. Chemical Elements

• Elements are classified in three major groups
• Metals
• Nonmetals
• Metalloids
• Take out your PTOE to color in the different
  sections

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Periodic Trends
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Transition Metals
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Physical Properties of Metals

• Malleability
• Ductility
• Luster
• Heat conductors and electrical conductors
• Typically reacts with acids
• Ex. Iron (Fe), tin (Sn), zinc (Zn), and copper
  (Cu)

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Properties of Nonmetals

• Dull in appearance
• Brittle
• Do not conduct electricity
• Ex. Carbon (C) and Oxygen (O)

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Metalloids

• Properties of metals and nonmetals
• Ex. Silicon (Si) and Germanium (Ge)

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Do Now

• List the following as a chemical or physical
  change
• 1. A piece of wood burns to form ash.
• 2. Water evaporates into steam.
• 3. A piece of cork is cut in half.
• 4. A bicycle chain rusts.
• 5. Food is digested in the stomach.
• 6. Water is absorbed by a paper towel.
• 7. A change in color

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Objectives

• 1. SWBAT review physical and chemical changes
• 2. SWBAT identify trends in the periodic table.

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Objectives

• SWBAT identify properties of metals, nonmetals,
  or metalloids
• SWBAT create their own trends in the periodic
  table.

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Periodic Table

• Used to organize elements based on their
  properties

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Dimitri Mendeleev

• Created a periodic table of elements based on
• 1. Atomic Weights
• 2. Combining Capacity

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Now you Try

• Turn to page 119 and follow steps 1-6
• Try to create your own periodic table based on
  several different properties

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Transition Elements/Metals
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Periodic Trends

• Periods horizontal rows
• Groups/Families vertical columns

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Trends in Periodic Families

• Alkali Metal Family
• Group 1
• Highly reactive Metals (cations)
• Noble Gas Family
• Group 18
• Unreactive (chemically inert) elements
• Halogen Family
• Group 17
• Highly reactive (anions)

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