Diseases

1
Diseases

• Infectious diseasesorganisms that enter, live in
  and multiply within the body
• Pathogensorganisms that cause disease
• If they enter your body and multiply they
• create an infection and you develop a disease

2
Pathogens

• Bacteriasimple, single celled organisms that
  live almost anywhere (air, surfaces, food)

Under a microscope, they look like balls or rods.
They are so small that a line of 1,000 could fit
across a pencil eraser. Most bacteria won't hurt
you less than 1 percent makes people sick. Many
are helpful. Some bacteria help to digest food
and destroy disease-causing cells. Bacteria are
also used in making healthy foods like yogurt and
cheese.
Bacterial diseasesStrep Throat, Food poisoning,
and meningitis (1)
3
Viruses

• The smallest pathogens, can multiply only by
  entering a living cell and taking over the cells
  reproductive mechanisms, resulting in cell death.
  
• Invades all known forms of life.
• Viral diseases have no cure so the body must
  fight off the infection
• Viral infectionscommon cold, HIV, AIDS

4
Protozoan

• Single-celled organisms that have the ability to
  move through fluids in search of food. Produce
  disease in tropical areas or areas of poor
  sanitation.
• Protozoan diseasesToxoplasmosis, malaria,
• amoebic
  dysentery

5
Fungi

• Simple organisms related to molds that live in
  dark warm moist areas. May feed off dead
  animals, insects and leaves.
• Fungal Infectionsathletes foot, ringworm
• yeast infection
• Cured with antifungal creams or sprays

6
Top items to spread disease

• Cell Phone Remote
• Shopping cart Desk

7
Body Defenses Against Diseases

• Your body protects itself from infection in 3
  ways.
• Physical Chemical defenses
• Inflammation
• Immune System

8
Physical Chemical Defenses

• Skin1st line of defense
• Sweatcontains acids that kill bacteria
• Mouth, eyes, nosecontains mucous membranes
• Ciliatiny hair like structures that line air
  passages
• Stomach acidsacid kills bacteria
• Digestive Tractflushes away bacteria
• Urinekills pathogens with acid

9
Inflammation

• Bodys response to all cuts and
• internal damage
• PhagocytesW.B.C. eat up foreign cells and kill
• unwanted pathogens, gives off a clear liquid or
  pus

10
Immune system

• Most sophisticated line of defense
• Can seek out and destroy pathogens
• B Cells T Cells
• Generals Soldiers

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Spread of Infectious Disease

• Direct Contacttouching, hugging, kissing, sex
• Indirect Contactsneezing, coughing, contact
• with infected persons blood
• Contact w/objectsdoorknobs, eating
• drinking utensils contaminated food
  drink
• Contact w/animalsbites, tick, mosquito, animal
• Contact w/Enviro. Sourcestetanus, salmonella
• botulism

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Infectious Diseases

• Common Cold
• No Cure,
• spread by touching contaminated objects
• coughing and sneezing
• Lasts 3-7 days
• VIRUS

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Influenza

• No Cure,
• Spreads like the common cold
• Airborne droplets and contaminated objects
• Fever, sore throat, body aches, cough
• Vaccine available Every Year
• VIRUS

• EVERY YEAR
• 36,000 People die from Flu
• 200,000 are hospitalized
• - 80,414 Deaths
• 700,000 hospitalized

14
Pneumonia

• Infection of the lungs
• Fever, Difficulty breathing
• Chronic Coughing
• VIRUS, BACTERIA, FUNGI
• (1)

15
Rubella

• Known as German Measles
• Fever, rash, coughing, sneezing,
• sore throat, swollen glands
• Vaccine
• VIRUS

16
Hepatitis

• Inflammation of the Liver
• Fever, nausea, pain in abdomen,
• Jaundice yellowing of the skin,
• brown urine,

17
Hepatitis

• Symptoms appear 3-6 weeks
• after exposure
• Hep. Acontaminated food water
• Hep. Bcontaminated blood body fluids
• VACCINE is available
• Hep. Ccontaminated blood body fluids
• Most Dangerous

18
Tuberculosis

• Highly contagious infection that infects the
  lungs.
• Transmitted by coughing or sneezing.
• Fatigue, weight loss fever, chronic cough.
• Treatmentmedications up to a year
• BACTERIA

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Mononucleosis

• Infection causes swollen lymph nodes, tonsils,
  and spleen.
• Severe sore throat, extreme fatigue
• 3-6 weeks for symptoms to come to an end.
• Spread through saliva
• VIRUS