Title: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)
1????????(???)
- ??????????????????????????
2????????????????????????? (SARS)
3????
- 1 ??? (Diuretics)
- 2 ? - ????? ( ? -blockers)
- 3 ???? (Calcium Channel Blockers)
- 4 ???????????? (ACE Inhibitors)
- 5 ?????II????? (A II Receptor Antagonists)
- 6 ????? (Vasodilator)
- 7 ? - 1 ????? (? -1-blockers)
- 8 ??Alpha ?????
- (Centrally Acting Antihypertensive Drugs)
4????-??? (Diuretics)Bumetanide, Frusemide,
Hydrochlorothiazide, Indapamide, Amiloride,
Spironolactone, Amiloride 5mg
Hydrochlorothiazide 50mg, Triamterene 50mg
Hydrochlorothiazide 25mg
- ???????????????????
- ????????????????,????????????
- ???
- ??????,???????????,?????????????
- ????????,???????
- ???????????????????????????
- ?????
- ??????????,??????,?????
5???? ?-????? (?-blockers)Acebutolol, Atenolol,
Bisoprolol 2.5mg, hydrochlorothiazide 6.25mg
Bisoprolol 2.5mg, Carvedilol, Labetalol,
Metoprolol, Nadolol, Pindolol, Propranolol
- ?? ??????,?????????????,??????
- ?? ??????, ????? (Slow Release)?
- ??? ???? (???????????),???,????,??,?????
- ?????????????????????Propranolol?
Metoprolol??????????? - ????????????????????
- ?????? (?????????????)
6???? - ???? (Calcium Channel Blockers)Amlodipine
, Diltiazem, Felodipine, Isradipine, Lacidipine,
Nifedipine, Verapamil
- ?? ?????,????????????,???????????,????????????
- ?? ??????, ????? (Slow Release) ???????
- ???
- ????,??????,??????
- Nifedipine????????,?????????,????(Slow Release)
??????? - Verapamil??????,?????
- Diltiazem?Verapamil???????????,??????? ??????
7???? - ???????????? (ACE Inhibitors)Captopril,
Enalapril, Enalapril 20mg Hydrochlorothiazide12.
5mg, Fosinopril, Lisinopril, Perindopril,
Ramipril
- ?? ????????? (ACE) ??????? I (Angiotensin I)
??????? II (Angiotensin II),???????,?????ACE
Inhibitors ????????,??????? II ???,?????,??????? - ?? ????
- ???
- ??????????????
- ?? (??????????)
- ???????????
- ???????????,????????????????
- ?????????
- ?? ????
8???? - ?????II????? (A-II Receptor
Antagonists)Candesartan, Irbesartan, Losartan,
Losartan 50mg Hydrochlorothiazide 12.5mg,
Telmisartan, Valsartan, Valsartan 80mg
Hydrochlorothiazide 12.5mg
- ?? A-II ?????????????II (A-II) ??????,? A-II
??????,?????,??????? - ?? ????
- ???
- ????????????????????
- ?????????????????
- ??????,???????????????
- ?????????
- ?? ??,?????
9???? - ?????(Vasodilators)Hydralazine
- ?? ????????????,????????,? ?????
- ?? ??????
- ???(?????)
- ????????????????????????????
-
- ????????????????????????,??????
10???? - Alpha 1 ????? (Alpha 1-blockers)Doxazosin
, Prazosin, Terazosin
- ?? ??????,???????,??????,?
- ?????
- ?? ????
- ???
- ?????????????????????????
- (?????)???????
- ?????????????????????
- ?? ????????????
11???? - ??Alpha ?????(Centrally Acting
Antihypertensive Drugs)Clonidine, Methyldopa
- ?? ????Alpha ??,????????,????
????????????,???? - ?? ??????
- ???
- ?????????? ?????????????????????
- ???????????
- ?? ??
12????
- ?????
- 1. ??? (Insulin)
- 2. ???????
- a. ????? (Sulphonylureas)
- b. ??? (Biguanides)
- c. ? - ????????? (?-Glucosidase
Inhibitors) - d. ???? (Thiazolidinediones)
- e. ?????????????(Non- sulphonylureas
Insulin Secretogogues)
13??? - ??? (Insulin)
?? (Actrapid MC, Actrapid HM, Actrapid HM,
HumulinR, Humalog)?? (Humulin N, Humulin L,
Monotard MC, Monotard HM, Protaphane HM)??
(Ultratard HM)??/?? (Humulin 70/30, Mixtard
(10,20,30,40,50) HM)
- ????
- ????1? (?????) ????????????????2?
(??????)????????????? - ????15?60 ???????,???????????
14??? - ??? (Insulin)
- ???
- ??????--?????????????????
- ????-- ????????????????
- ????????-- ???????????????, ?????????????
- ???(?????????????????????)
- ????????,????????????????????????????????????????
?????????? - ??????????,????????
15??? - ??? (Insulin)
- ??
- ????????????????,???????? ???
- ????,??????????,???????????
- ????,?????????????????????????
- ?????
- ??????????????????????,??????
- ????????????,???????????????? ???
- ???????????????,????????????????
16??????? - ????? (Sulphonylureas)Chlorpropamide,
Glibenclamide, Gliclazide, Glimepiride,
Glipizide, Tolbutamide
- ?? ???????????????
- ???
- ?????
- ???????????????????
- ?????????15-30????,???????????
- ???????
- ???? Sulphonylureas (? Glibenclamide ?
Chlorpropamide)? - ???????,????????????
- ??????,????,?????????
17??????? - ??? (Biguanides) Metformin
- ?? ??????????????,????????
- ?????????????????,???????
- ??????????????,??????????????????,????????????
- ???,?????????,??????
18??????? - ? - ????????? (? - Glucosidase
Inhibitors)Acarbose
- ?? ????????????,??????????????
- ??? ????????,????????
- ??????????????,????????????????
19??????? -???? (Thiazolidinediones)Rosiglitazone
- ?? ????????????????,? ?????????
- ??? ??, ????(?????),???????????????,???????
- ??????
- ?? ???????
20??????? - ????????????? (Nonsulphonylureas
Insulin Secretogues) Repaglinide
- ?? ???????????????, ???????? ???????????,
???????, ??????????? - ??? ?????
- ??????????????????, ???????,?????????
- ?? ???????
21?????
- 1. ??? (Statins)
- 2. ????? (Fibrates)
- 3. ????? (Bile Acid Sequestrants)
- 4. ??? (Niacin)
- 5. ???3???
- (Omega-3 Marine Triglycerides)
22????? - ??? (Statins)Atorvastatin, Fluvastatin,
Lovastatin, Pravastatin, Simvastatin
- ?? ????????????, HMG-CoA Reductase (????
),?????????? - ?? ????
- ??????????????????????
- ?????
- ???????,??????
- ??????,????
- ????????????
- ?? ????
23????? -????? (Fibrates) Benzafibrate,
Fenofibrate, Gemfibrozil
- ?? ?????????????
- ???
- ??????????????????????? ,
- ????????
- ??????,????????
- ???????,??????
- ??????, ??????????????
24????? - ?????(Bile Acid Sequestrants)Cholestyram
ine
- ?? ????????,???????????
- ????????????????, ????? ???(A,D,K)???
- ????
- ????????,???????,??????????? (??1????4?????????)
25????? - ??? (Niacin)Nicotinic Acid
- ?? ?????????
- ??? ?????????????????
- ?????
- ?????
- ??????
26????? - ???3???(Omega-3 Marine Triglycerides)
- ?? ???????, ??????????
-
- ??? ??????
- ????????
- ?????
27???
- 1. ß-2 ????? (ß-2 Adrenoceptor Stimulants)
- 2. ?? (Theophylline)
- 3. ????? (Antimuscarinic)
- 4. ???? (Corticosteroid)
- 5. ??????? (Mast Cell Stabilizer)
- 6. ????????
- (Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist)
28??? - ß-2 ?????(ß -2 Adrenoceptor Stimulants)??
Salbutamol, Terbutaline ??
Salbutamol,Terbutaline, Fenoterol, Salmeterol
- ?????? (MDI, Accuhaler, Turbuhaler? Nebulizing
Solution) - ?? ????, ???????
- ?? ???????, ????????, ???? ???
- ?? ?????, ???????
- ???
- ??????,??,??,?????
- ??????????, ???????
29??? - ?? (Theophylline)?? Nuelin, ??Theo-Dur
- ??????????
- ?? ????, ???????
- ??? ??????????,??????
30??? - ????? (Antimuscarinic)Ipratropium
- ???? (MDI? Nebulizing Solution)
- ?? ????, ??????
- ??? ????????
31??? - ???? (Corticosteroid)?? Beclomethasone,
Budesonide, Fluticasone ?? Prednisolone
- ???????? (MDI, Accuhaler, Turbuhaler)
- ?? ????????, ??????
- ???
- ?????????,??, ?????
- ??????,???????,????,????,?????
- ???????????
- ?????????, ?????????
32??? - ???????(Mast Cell Stabilizer)Sodium
Cromoglicate, Nedocromil
- ???? (MDI)
- ?? ??????
- ??? ??
33???-????????(Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist)
Montelukast, Zafirlukast
- ???????
- ?? ????????????????
- ??? ????,????,????????
- ?? ??,????
34?????????Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)
35PWH Ward 8AB
36(No Transcript)
37(No Transcript)
38????????????(SARS)?
- ?????????????
- ????????
- ??????(Paramyxoviridae)??
- Coronavirus (????)
39SARS???????
- ???????? (WHO)??,SARS???????
- ??? (?38 ºC)
- ??
- ????
- ????
- ??X?????????
- ?????????????????????? ??????
40SARS?????
?? ??? ()
?? 100
?? 100
?? 97
???? 81
?? 61
?? 55
? 39
??? 23
??? 23
41SARS???????
- ????????,SARS?????????
- ??
- ???????SARS?????????
-
42SARS????????
- ????????,SARS???
- ???2?7?, ????10?
43????SARS????
??? 2(0)
?? 3(0)
??? 19(3)
??4(0)
??1(0)
?? 2(0)
?? 792 (31)
??40(0)
??? 3(0)
?? 316(10)
??58(4)
?? 6(0)
?? 3(0)
??? 74 (1)
????? 1323, ??17??? (? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?)
44??????????
????? 316, ?? 16???? (? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?)
45???????? (1)
- ???????????,???????????????????
46???? ????(Ribavirin)
- ??????
- ??????????????????
- ??????
47??? ??????(Methlyprednisolone)
- ??????????????????,???????????
- ??????
- ?????????????????????
48???????? (3)
- ????????, ???????Temiflu (Oseltamivir),
??????SARS!!!
49????????(Surgical Mask)
50????????
- ???????
- ???????????????
- ????
51N95 ??
52N95 ??
N ???????? 95 ??????????95
- ???????
- ???????????????
- ??????????
- ????
53??????N95???
- ?????????, ????, ????
- ????
- ??????????, ??????, ???
- ??
54? ? ? ? ?? ?
- ? ? ? ? ? ? ??
- ? ??? , ? ? ? ? ? ??
- ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? , ? ?
? ? ? ? ?? - ? ? ? , ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??
55? ? ? ? ?? ?
- ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? , ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
?? - ? ? ? ? ? , ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
- ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
- ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
56??????????SARS? (1)
- ????????????,?????
- ????,?????????,????
- ???????????
- ???????????
- ?????????,???????
57??????????SARS? (2)
- ???????????
- ?????? ? ?????? ? ??? ?? ? ?????????,??????????
- ?????????
58??????????SARS? (3)
- ??????????????,???????????
- ?????????,??????????????
- ?????????,?????,????????????
???? ???
59?????SARS?????? (1)
- ????????????SARS???
- ???????
- ?????????????SARS??
- ??,??????????
- ???????SARS????,????
- ????,???????
60?????SARS?????? (2)
- ??????????????SARS?
- ?????? ???????????
- ???????, ??????
61??