Systematic Nomenclature of Alkanes

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Systematic Nomenclature of Alkanes
developed by the International Union of Pure and
Applied Chemistry (IUPAC)
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Step 1 Find the longest continuous carbon chain
in the compound. The number of carbons in this
backbone determines the root. If there are two or
more chains of equal length, choose the one with
more branches.
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pent-
or
incorrect
correct more branches
oct-
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Step 2 Attach suffix
-ane for an alkane
pentane
Step 3 Number the carbons in the root chain.
Start from the end that gives the lower number
to the carbon where the first branch occurs. If
a tie, then proceed to the second branch, etc.
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5 4 3 2 1
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Step 4 Name the groups.
root -yl
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Step 5 Assemble the name number-grouprootsuffix
2-methylhexane
3-ethyl-2,5-dimethylhexane
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Some additional terminology