Notes 7-5

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Notes 7-5

• Branching Tree Diagrams

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Branching Tree Diagrams

• Organisms with similar characteristics may be
  descended from a common ancestor
• The more similar the organisms are, the more
  recent the common ancestor probably is

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A Branching Tree

• Branching trees such as this show relationships
  between groups of organisms. It also shows the
  order in which specific characteristics may have
  evolved.

Egg with shell
Four Limbs
Backbone
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Cladogram

• A branching tree diagram is sometimes referred to
  as a cladogram

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Shared Derived Characteristics
B A C K B O N E

• Homologous structure that is shared by all
  organisms in a group.
• What do the organisms below all share? (What is
  their homologous structure?)

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Shared Derived Characteristics

• A branching tree diagram shows evolutionary
  relationships by grouping organisms according to
  shared derived characteristics.

Reptiles
Amphibians
Fishes
Egg with shell
Invertebrates
Four limbs
Backbone
Ancestor of animals
Which of these characteristics probably developed
first?
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The Great Tree Of Life