HTML??????

1
?3? ??????????

• 3-1 ???????
• 3-2 ?????
• 3-3 ????????
• 3-4 ?????
• 3-5 ???????
• 3-6 ???????
• 3-7 ????
• 3-8 ????????

2
3-1 ???????

• 3-1-1 ??????
• 3-1-2 ??????
• 3-1-3 ??????

3
3-1 ???????-??

• ??????(Data Model)?????????????????????????????(??
  ?????),?????????????????

4
3-1 ???????-??
5
3-1 ???????-????1

• ??????????????????,???????????????????,??????????
  ?????????
• ??????????????????????,?????????,??????ANSI/SPAR
  C????????,?????????????????
• ?????????????????ANSI/SPARC??????????????

6
3-1 ???????-????2

• ???????(Conceptual Database Design)??????????????
  ?????
• ???????(Logical Database Design)??????????????
• ???????????????????
• ???????(Physical Database Design)?????????????
• ????????????????????SQL??????????

7
3-1-1 ??????-??

• ???????????,????
• ????????????
• ??????????????
• ??????????????????
• ?????????????

8
3-1-1 ??????-??

• ??????????????????(Entity-Relationship
  Model,??E-R Model)???????,?????????(Entity-Relatio
  nship Diagram),??1976??Peter Chen??,?????????,????
  ????????????,????,??????????????????????

9
3-1-1 ??????-??
10
3-1-2 ??????-??

• ?????????(Logical Data Model)??????(Relational
  Model),??????????????,??????????????(Relational
  Database Model)?
• ??????????E. F. Codd?1970????,????????????????,???
  ?
• ????(Data Structures)???????,???????????,????????
  ???
• ???????(Data Manipulation?Operations)???????????
  ???????????
• ???????(Integrity Constraints)????????????,??????
  ?????????

11
3-1-2 ??????-??

• ?????????????????,?????????????????,???????????,??
  ??
• ????????(Network Databse Model)?
• ????????(Hierarchical Database Model)?
• ????????(Relational Database Model)?
• ??????????(Object-Oriented Database Model)?

12
3-1-2 ??????-??
13
3-1-3 ??????-??

• ??????(Physical Data Model)?????????????????????,?
  ??????????????????????

14
3-1-3 ??????-??
15
3-2 ?????

• 3-2-1 ????????
• 3-2-2 ????????
• 3-2-3 ??????????
• 3-2-4 ??????????

16
3-2-1 ????????-??

• ????????????????????????,??????????,??????????(Net
  work Database Model)?????????????????????(????????
  ???????),????????????????
• ????????????????(Relationship),????1971??CODASYL
  DBTG(Conference on Data Systems Languages
  Database Task Group)????????,???DBTG??,Database
  Task Group?1960???????????????????

17
3-2-1 ????????-????(??)

• ????????????????????,???????????????????????????,?
  ???
• ????(Record Type)?????????????,??????????????,???
  ????????
• ????(Link Type)?????????????,????????(Relationshi
  p),????????????(Owner Type)???????????(Member
  Type)?

18
3-2-1 ????????-????(??)

• ????????????????????(Set Structures),?????????????
  ?(A Set of Records)????????????(A Set of
  Links),?????

19
3-2-1 ????????-??????
20
3-2-2 ????????-??

• ????????(Hierarchical Database Model)??????????,??
  ???????????,????????????????,?????????????
• ?1960?????????????????????????,??1970??,??????????
  ???1968?IBM??????IMS?(Information Management
  System),????????????????

21
3-2-2 ????????-????(??)

• ???????????????????????(Root),???????????(Parent-c
  hild Relationships)???????,???????????????????????
  ?????,????
• ????(Record Type)?????????????????????????????,??
  ?????????
• ??????(Parent-child Relationship
  Type)????????????,????????(Relationship),????????
  ????(Parent Record Type)????????????(Child Record
  Type)?

22
3-2-2 ????????-????(??)

• ????????????????,????????????????,?????

23
3-2-2 ????????-??????
24
3-2-2 ????????-??????1

• ???????????????????????,?????

25
3-2-2 ????????-??????2

• ????????(Virtual Record Type)?????????,???????????
  ,?????

26
3-2-3 ??????????-??

• ????????????(Object-Oriented Database
  Model)?????????????????,????,?????????????????????
  ?,???C?Java????????????????????????
• ??????????????????????????????????????,???????????
  ???????????????????????

27
3-2-3 ??????????-??

• ????????????,??????????????????,??????????????????
  ?????????????????????,??????,?????,???????????,???
  ??

28
3-2-3 ??????????-????

• ??(State)????????(Attributes)??????,????????????,
  ??????????????,?????????,???????????????????????,
  ?????,???????????
• ??(Behavior)??????????????,????????????,??????,??
  ???????,???????????????????
• ???(Identity)?????????????,?????????????????

29
3-2-3 ??????????-??

• ???????,???????????????????,??????????????Car?Car1
  ?Car2?Car3???,????????????,???????
• ????,?????????,????,?????????????????,????????????
  ,????????,??????????????????(Instance)?

30
3-2-3 ??????????-??

• ??(Inheritance)??????????????,????????????????????
  ??????????????????????????????????????

31
3-2-3 ??????????-????

• ?????????????????(Class Hierarchy),?????

32
3-2-3 ??????????-??????

• ????????(Object-oriented Database)???????????,????
  ?????????????,?Java????????(Class),???????????????
  ????,????Java????Book??,????
• class Book
• public String b_no
• public String title
• public float price
• public Author getAuthor()
• public Publisher getPublisher()

33
3-2-3 ??????????-?????

• ??????????????????????????,?????

34
3-2-4 ??????????-??

• ????????????(Object-relational Database
  Model)???????????????????,?????????????,??????????
  ?????????,?????????(Structured Attributes),???????
  ???(User-defined Type)?
• ??????(International Standards Organization,
  ISO)??????SQL??????????????,??SQL 99?SQL
  3,?SQL99??????,???????????????,????????????,?????
  ?SQL?????

35
3-2-4 ??????????-?????

• ???????????????????(Nested Relations),????,???????
  ??????????????,????????????,??????????????Authors
  ???????address????,?????

36
3-2-4 ??????????-????????

• ??????????????????,?????

37
3-3 ????????

• 3-3-1 ???????
• 3-3-2 ?????
• 3-3-3 ?????
• 3-3-4 ????????

38
3-3-1 ???????

• ?????????????????????????????????,????
• ????(Single-user)?
• ????(Multi-user)?

39
3-3-2 ?????

• ??????????(Scope)??,??
• ???(Desktop)?
• ????(Workgroup)?
• ???(Enterprise)?

40
3-3-3 ?????

• ???????????,????????????????????????????,????
• ???????(Centralized Data Processing)?
• ???????(Distributed Data Processing)?

41
3-3-4 ????????

• ????????????????????,????????????????????,????
• ?????????
• ?????????
• ?????????
• ???????????
• ???????????

42
3-3 ?????

• ????(Architecture)???????????????,??????????,?????
  ????????????,?????????????????????????????????
• ?????????????????,????
• ???????(Centralized Processing Architectures)?
• ???????(Distributed Processing Architectures)?

43
3-5 ???????-??

• ???????(Mainframe)??,?????????IBM?????????????(Sys
  tems Network Architecture, SNA),?????????????,????
  ????,???????(Terminals)??????
• ????????,?????????????????????,???????????????,??
  ???????,???????????,??????????????????,???????????
  ???

44
3-5 ???????-??
45
3-6 ???????

• 3-6-1 ??????
• 3-6-2 ???????
• 3-6-3 ???????
• 3-6-4 ???????
• 3-6-5 ????

46
3-6 ???????-???

• ?????????????(Frontends)???????(Backends),????????
  ???,????
• ??(Frontend)??????????,??????????????,??????????
• ??(Backend)???????????????

47
3-6 ???????-?????
48
3-6-1 ??????-??

• ????????(File Sharing Architecture)?????????,?????
  ????,??????????????????,??????????????????(File
  Server)?
• ???????????????,???????????,??????????????????????
  ?,??????????????????????,??????????????,??????????
  ?(File Server Model)?

49
3-6-1 ??????-??
50
3-6-2 ???????-??

• ??????????????,?????????,?????(Server)????(Client)
  ,????
• ???(Server)????????????(Service)????(Provider)???
  
• ???(Client)????????????????(Request)????(Requeste
  r)?

51
3-6-2 ???????-??
52
3-6-3 ???????-??

• ??????????????(Two-Tier Client/Server
  Architecture)?
• ??????????????,??
• ???(Presentation Tier)???????????,??????????????,
  ????????(Business Logic)???????(Data Processing
  Logic)?
• ???(Data Tier)???????,????????,????????????????

53
3-6-3 ???????-??
54
3-6-3 ???????-??

• ????????????????????????????????
• ??????????????,??????????????????,????????????????
  ???,?????????
• ?????????????????????????,????????,?????????????10
  0???????????
• ?????(Flat Client)????????????????????????,???????
  ????????????,???????????????????

55
3-6-4 ???????-??

• ?????????,??????????????(Business Logic
  Tier),????????????(Three-Tier Client/Server
  Architecture),???????????????????????????????????(
  Application Server)?
• ???????(Application Server)?????????????,?????????
  ?????,??????????????????????,????,????????????????

56
3-6-4 ???????-??
57
3-6-4 ???????-??

• ????????????????????????????,?????????????????????
  ???,??????????
• ???????????,????,?????????????????,??????????????
• ?????????????,???????????????
• ??????????????????????????,??????????????,????????
  ??????????

58
3-6-5 ????-??

• ????(N-Tier Architecture)????????????????,N?????3?
  4?5??,??????????????????
• ????????????????????????????????????????,???,?????
  ??????????????

59
3-6-5 ????-???????
60
3-7 ????

• 3-7-1 ??????????
• 3-7-2 ???????
• 3-7-3 ???JDBC

61
3-7 ????

• ??????(Middleware)???????????????,????????????????
  ??????????
• ????,???????????????????,?????????????????????????
  ????

62
3-7-1 ??????????-??

• ??????????,?????????????????????????,?????????????
  ??????????????????
• ???????????????????????,???????????????????????,??
  ???????????????????????

63
3-7-1 ??????????-????????
64
3-7-1 ??????????-??????
65
3-7-2 ???????-??

• ???????????????
• ODBC?
• OLE DB?
• OLE DB?ODBC??????OLE DB??????????????,????????????
  ???????????????????

66
3-7-2 ???????-ODBC(??)

• ???????????????ODBC?(Object Database
  Connectivity),ODBC????????????????????,?????ODBC
  API?(ODBC Application Program Interface)??????????
  ??,ODBC??????????,????
• ODBC???????(ODBC Driver Manager)??ODBC?????????,?
  ??????ODBC???????ODBC API???
• ODBC????(ODBC Driver)????????????????,???ODBC
  API?????????????????API???

67
3-7-2 ???????-ODBC(??)
68
3-7-2 ???????-OLE DB(??)

• OLE DB(???OLE-DB?OLEDB)???????????????API(Applicat
  ion Program Interface),???ODBC?,?????????????????
• OLE DB???COM(Component Object Model)?????????,????
  ????????????????,?????????????????????????????????
  ???????????????????????

69
3-7-2 ???????-OLE DB(??)
70
3-7-3 ???JDBC-??

• ????????????????JDBC?(Java Database
  Connectivity)????????Java????,???Java????????????
• ?Java??????,??????JDBC??????(JDBC Driver
  Interface)???,?JDBC API,JDBC????????????
• ?????????????????????
• JDBC????????????????????

71
3-7-3 ???JDBC-??
72
3-8 ????????

• 3-8-1 ???????????
• 3-8-2 ????????????
• 3-8-3 ???????????
• 3-8-4 ????
• 3-8-5 ????

73
3-8 ????????-??

• ????????????????,??????????????,????????????????,?
  ???????????(Centralized Database System)?
• ????????????????,?????????????,????????????,??????
  ?????,????????
• ??????????????,???????????????????????????,???????
  ?,???????????????(Distributed Database System)?

74
3-8 ????????-??
75
3-8-1 ???????????-??

• ????????(Distributed Database, DDB)??????????????
  ???,?????,???????????????????????????
• ????????????(Distributed Database Management
  System, DDBMS)???????????,?????????,?????????????
  ?????????,???????,???????????,?????????(Transparen
  t)?

76
3-8-1 ???????????-??

• ?????????????????????,??????(Sites)????(Nodes)???,
  ??????(Communication Network)??,????????(Local
  Area Network)?????(Wide Area Network)?
• ??????????1N??,??????????(??),???????(??),???????
  ??????,????????????????

77
3-8-1 ???????????-??
78
3-8-2 ????????????-??

• ?????????????????????????????
• ?????(Reliability)????(Availability)?????????????
  ???,??????????????????,????????????????
• ????????????????????????,???????????????????????
• ????????(Local Autonomy)?????????????,???????????
  ???

79
3-8-2 ????????????-??

• ??????????????????,??????????????????
• ?????????????????????????
• ????????????????,??????????????
• ???????????????????????

80
3-8-3 ???????????

• ??????????(Homogeneous Distributed Database
  System)
• ??????????????????????,??????????????????
• ??????????(Heterogeneous Distributed Database
  System)
• ???????????????????,??????SQL Server?Oracle,?????
  ????????????????????????

81
3-8-4 ????-??

• ??????(Data Fragmentation)????????????????(Fragmen
  t),???????????????????,??????????????????????
• ????????????,????????????????,????????????????????
  ??????

82
3-8-4 ????-????

• ????(Horizontal Fragmentation)
• ?????????????,????????????????,???????????

83
3-8-4 ????-????

• ????(Vertical Fragmentation)
• ?????????????,????????????????,???????????

84
3-8-5 ????-??

• ??????(Data Replication)??????????????,??(Replicat
  ion)?????????,?????????????(Master),?????????????(
  Replica),???????????????????????,????????????????
• ????????????????????,????
• ????(No Replication)
• ????(Complete Replication)
• ????(Partial Replication)

85
3-8-5 ????-??