Studying Geography, Economics, and Citizenship

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Studying Geography, Economics, and Citizenship

• Chapter 2

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Studying GeographyChapter 2.1

• Geography the study of the surface of the
  earth.
• Geographer- someone who studies the surface of
  the earth

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5 Themes of Geography
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Geographers use maps and globes to study the Earth
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Hemispheres

• The Earth is divided in to half spheres called
  hemispheres.
• The Northern and Southern hemisphere is divided
  by the equator.

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The Eastern and Western hemisphere is divided by
the Prime Meridian.

• .

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Which two hemispheres do you live in?
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Latitude and Longitude Lines

• Latitude and Longitude Rap
• https//www.youtube.com/watch?v-0c1idtn3e8

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Latitude Lines

• Latitude lines are imaginary lines that run
  parallel to the Equator and run east and west.
  They measure distance north and south of the
  Equator in degrees.

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Longitude Lines

• Longitude lines are imaginary lines that are
  parallel to the Prime Meridian and run north and
  south. They measure the distance east and west of
  the Prime Meridian.

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Latitude and Longitude lines form an imaginary
grid of lines all around the world. Your GPS
reads these lines to give you your exact location
on earth.
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Types of Maps

• Physical Maps Political Maps

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Physical Map

• Physical maps show land and water features.

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Political Maps

• Political Maps show names and borders of
  countries.

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Special-purpose maps

• Special-purpose maps show patterns such as
  climate, natural resources, or population.

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Parts of a Map
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Compass Rose- shows direction
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Map Scale-measures distance on a map
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Cardinal directions-north, south, east and west
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Population and culture

• Migration-movement of people from one place to
  settle in another place

What can cause groups of people to move from one
place to another?
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Culture

• Culture is the set of beliefs, behaviors, and
  traits shared by the members of a group.

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Exploring EconomicsChapter 2.2

• Economics relating to the process or system by
  which goods and services are produced, sold, and
  bought

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Supply

• Supply is the amount of a good or service that a
  producer wants to sell

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Demand

• Demand is the amount of something that a consumer
  wants to buy.

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Law of Supply and Demand

• Law of supply and demand says that the lower the
  price of a good or service, the more of it people
  will want to buy!

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Trade in World History

• Imports are goods and services that a country
  buys from other countries
• Exports are goods shipped out of a country and
  sold somewhere else

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Barter Economies

• Barter economy- trading of goods and services for
  other goods and services

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Market Economy

• Market Economy- people use MONEY to buy and sell
  goods

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Trade Routes
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Practicing CitizenshipChapter 2.3

• Government- a system by which a group of people
  rule themselves

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Social Hierarchy

• Social Hierarchy is the organization of groups
  within a culture in order of importance

RSMS
Superintendent
Mr. Treadway
teachers
students
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Monarchy

• Monarchy is a government ruled by a king or queen

Example of monarchy Great Britain
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Theocracy

• Theocracy is a government ruled by God or by a god

Examples Vatican City and Ira
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Dictatorship

• Dictatorship-a form of government where one
  person has absolute power

Example Cuba, Germany under Hitler
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Oligarchy

• Oligarchy is a type of government that ruled is
  by a small group

Example Ancient Greece
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Representative Government

• Representative Government or Republic- is a
  government where citizens elect officials to
  govern

Example United States of America, ancient Rome
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Checks and Balances

• Checks and Balances a system in which each branch
  of government limits the power of another branch

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