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Clinical Research NIH defines

• Patient-oriented research
• Research conducted with human subjects (or on
  material of human origin such as tissues,
  specimens and cognitive phenomena) for which an
  investigator directly interacts with human
  subjects.
• Excluded from this definition are in vitro
  studies that utilize human tissues that cannot be
  linked to a living individual
• Epidemiologic and behavioral studies
• Outcomes research and healthcare

6

• Patient-oriented research includes
• mechanisms of human disease
• therapeutic interventions
• clinical trials
• development of new technologies

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• 1998?-2008???????????????????????????????
  ?????5?????????????1721?
• ??????????11.5
• ??????????84.8

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• ?????????????New England Journal of
  Medicine,JAMA,Lancet?Canadian Medical Association
  Journal????????6353?
• ??????44.5
• ?????0.27

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• Federal funding for biomedical research in the
  United States has fueled discoveries that have
  advanced our understanding of human disease, led
  to novel and effective diagnostic tools and
  therapies, and made our research enterprise an
  international paragon.

RefThe NIH Budget and the Future of Biomedical
ResearchNEJM)
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Translational Medicine

• 2002?NIH Elias Zerhouni??,??????

In 2002, when Elias Zerhouni became the NIH
director, he immediately turned his attention to
the support of clinical research, as well as
several other trans-NIH issues RefNIH
Support for Basic and Clinical ResearchJAMA)
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• http//www.chictr.org/cn/

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