Stage 15 Notes

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Stage 15 Notes
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• ancilla urnam portabat.
• The slave woman was carrying the jar.
• ancilla, quae post Salvium ambulabat, urnam
  portabat.
• The slave woman, who was walking after Salvius,
  was carrying a jar.

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• The word in bold is known as a relative pronoun
  and you will see them in relative clauses.
• A relative clause is used to describe a noun.
• Relative pronouns agree with the noun they are
  describing in number and gender.
• -case from its function in its clause
• -number/gender from the antecedent (the word it
  modifies)
• -every relative pronoun introduces a relative
  clause (a clause that gives you more information
  about something)

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• How to unravel a sentence with a relative clause
• 1. Identify the relative clause (as a rule, it
  begins with a relative pronoun and ends with a
  verb) and put brackets around it.
• réx, quí scéptrum tenébat , in átrió sedébat.

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• 2. Identify the parts of the sentence

Subject Verb relative clause Prep Phrase
rex sedebat qui sceptrum tenebat in atrio
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• 3. Translate everything but the relative clause
•  
• réx, quí scéptrum tenébat , in átrió sedébat
  the king was sitting in the atrium
• 4. Return to the relative clause. Identify the
  antecedent of the relative pronoun (usually the
  word immediately preceding the relative pronoun)
  rex

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• 5. How do you know for sure? the number and
  gender of the relative pronoun (qui) and its
  antecedent (rex) must agree singular and
  masculine.
• 6. Translate the relative clause. Since you know
  that qui is nominative, you know it is the
  subject of the verb in the clause
• The king, who was holding a scepter
• Relative pronouns translate as who (if it
  describes a person) or which (if it describes a
  thing).

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• 7. Put the whole sentence together.
• Remember that a relative clause acts in the same
  way as an adjective - it simply gives you more
  information about a noun...
• The king was sitting in a chair Which king? The
  king who was holding a scepter (oh, that king!)
• The king, who was holding a scepter, was sitting
  in the atrium.
• Always translate the relative clause right after
  the noun it is describing!

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• Nominative- Magistra puerum qui te amat videt.
• The teacher sees the boy who likes you.
• Dative- Magistra puerum cui donum dedi videt.
• The teacher sees the boy to whom I gave a gift.
• Accusative- Magistra puerum quem impedis videt.
• The teacher sees the boy whom you delay.
• Ablative- Magistra puerum cum quo ambulas videt.
• The teacher sees the boy with whom you are
  walking