??? ???????(Population in International Law)

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??? ???????(Population in International Law)

• Zhang Lijuan

2
???    ????

• (The Institution of Nationality)

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???????

• ??(nationality)????????????????????????????????
• ?????????????????????
• ???????????????,????????????

4
????????????????

• ?????????????????????
• ???????????????????
• ?????????????????????

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??????????

• 1??????
• (1)????????
• (2)???????,?????(acquired nationality)?

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2??????

• ??????????????????????????????
• ?????????????????,???????????????
• ?????????????????????????????????????????????????
  

7
?????????
??????(??) ?????(double nationality)?????? ?????
?????? ??????(??) ????(statelessness)??????
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1995?12?,????????-26?????5??????????,??????
????????????????????,?????????5????????????,??????
???,????????,????????????????2000?2?,5??????????
?????????,????,?????????????????,?????????????????
??,????????2000?7?25?,5??????????
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???????

• ???????????????????????
• ????????????
• ????????1930?????????????????1961????????????

10
????????

• 1980 ??? ???????????
• ????
• ?????????????????
• ??????????

????????????????? ????????????,????????????,????
??????
????????????
11
???    ????????

• (Legal Status of Aliens)

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??????????

• ????????????????????????????????????????
• ?????????
• ????????,????????,??????????????????

13
??????????????

• 1???
• ????????????????
• ???????????
• ?????????
• ??????????,??????????????????????????????????

14
2???

• ??????????????????
• ????????,???????????
• ???????????????????????????????????????????

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3???

• ??????????
• ???????,??????????,????,?????????
• ????????????????????(????)

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???????????? (treatment of aliens)

• ???????????????????,????????????????
• ??????????,???????,????????????????????
  ???????

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1????? (national treatment)

• ???????????????????????????
• ?????????????
• ???????
• ?????????????????????

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2?????? (most-favored-nation treatment)

• ???(???)?????(???)?????????,?????????????
  ????(???)????

? ??? ??? ?
? ???
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3??????? (Treatment of Generalized System
of Preference)

• ???????????????????????????????
• ??
• ????????????

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??????(diplomatic protection)

• 1???
• ??????????????????????????????????????

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2????????

• ???????????????(effective nationality)????????
• ????????????????????
• ??????(exhaustion of local remedies)? ?
  ????????,??????????

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???   ???????

• (Extradition and Asylum)

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??????(extradition)

• 1???
• ????????,?????????????????????????????????
• ???????,????????,???????????????

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(1)???????
2??????

• ?????????????
• ???????(??)
• ????????(??)
• ???(?????)?
• ?????????????????

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• (2)?????
• ?????(double criminality),
• ??????(principle of identity)
• ????????????????
• ?????????(?????)?

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(3)?????????????

• ??????(principle of specialty),??????????
• ???(reextradition)??
• ?????
• ????????,????
• ?????,??????

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(5)?????
(4)?????
???????????????(???????????)?

• ????????????????????????

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3??????

• ????????
• ??????????????
• ???????
• ????????
• ????????
• ??????????

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4????????

• ??????????
• ?????????????
• ????????
• ???????
• ??????????
• ??????
• ????
• ?????

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????(asylum)

• 1???
• ????????????????????????,???????,??????
• ??????????????????

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2??????

• ???????? ,??????
• ????????????
• ?????
• ????
• ????(??)

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????(the Asylum Case)

• 1948?10?3?,?????????????????????????????
  ????,?????????????????,??????????1949?1?3?,??????
  ?????????????????????????????????,??????1928?????
  ????2???????,?????1933??????????????2?,????????
  ????????????,???????????,??????,??????????????????
  ??????????,????????,???1949?8?31???????,????????
  ??????

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??? ??

• (Refugee)

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???????

• ?????????????????????????,??????????????,?????????
  
• 1921??????????????,????(Nsensen passport)?????(
  Nsensen certification)?
• 1943??????????????
• 1946??????????

35
?????????

• ??1951??????????? 1967? ??????????
• ?????????????
• ????????????????????,?????????????????????

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? ? ? ?

• 2000?11?,???????????????????????7?3?,?
  ??????????,?????????????? ??????????????????????
  ?????,??????????,????,????????????????????,??
  ??????????Mackay????,??????????,??????????????????
  ??,??,??????????????????????,?????????????????????
  ?????,??????????? ???????,????????????????????????
  ?????,??,??,??,?????,?????????????????????????,??
  ???????,?????????

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• 2004?2?3?,??????????????????????,???????
  ????????? ?
• ???????2006?5?31????????????????????
  ??,??????????????????10???,??3????????????????????
  ??????????????????????,????????????,???????????,
  7???????????????????,?????????????????????????????
  ?,??????(?????)???????,???????7??,?????????????
  ????????
• ???????????????????,??????????????????
  ???

38
??????????????????????
39
????????????

• ?????(principle of non-refoulement)
• ??????
• ????????????
• ????????

40
???

• 1?????????????????
• 2??????????
• 3???????????
• 4?????????????????????