Understanding and Using the METRIC SYSTEM [SI, Standard International] Syst

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Understanding and Using the METRIC SYSTEMSI,
Standard International Système international
dUnités
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I CAN statements

• name the 7 base unitsThis means that I can
  identify the correct physical quantity being
  represented solely by its unit and/or its
  corresponding symbol.
• name the most commonly used prefixesThis means
  that I can list - in the correct order of
  magnitude - at least 6, preferably 10, words that
  precede any of the base units.
• perform metric conversionsThis means that I can
  express a given measurement into any of the
  metric prefixes.
• Ppt 2010_ES02 Metric System

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7 base units
Physical Quantity Name of Unit Symbol
Length meter m
Mass gram g
Time second s
Temperature kelvin K
Electric current Ampere D
Amount of substance mole mol
Luminous intensity candela cd
Volume liquid is not a fundamental unit, but it
is a direct measurement Volume and Length are
linked 1 Liter (L) occupies 1,000 cm3
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• Main GOALS and ADVANTAGES are
• A single base unit for any physical quantity
• No need for conversion factors
• All multiples and subdivisions are decimal
  factors or of powers of ten prefixes

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PREFIXES
A WORD that precedes the base unit to identify
the magnitude / the size of the measurement. i.e.
its function is to multiply or divide the
measure by a factor of ten, one hundred, or a
positive integer power of one thousand Those
prefixes are common to all types of measurements.
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PREFIXES to know
King Henri DrAnk Bad Disgusting Chocolate Milk
k i l o h e c t o d a b a s e d e c i c e n t i m i l l i
k h da -- d c m
ABBREVIATION
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PREFIXES to know
King Henri DAnced Bad Disco Country Music
k i l o h e c t o d a b a s e d e c i c e n t i m i l l i
k h da -- d c m
ABBREVIATION
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PREFIXES to know
King Henri DrAnk Bad Disgusting Chocolate Milk
k i l o h e c t o d a b a s e d e c i c e n t i m i l l i
k h da -- d c m
ABBREVIATION
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Prefix Symbol Magnitude Meaning (multiply by)
Tera- T 1012 1 000 000 000 000
Giga- G 109 1 000 000 000
Mega- M 106 1 000 000
kilo- k 103 1000
hecto- h 102 100
deca- da 10 10
BASE UNIT - - -
deci- d 10-1 0.1
centi- c 10-2 0.01
milli- m 10-3 0.001
micro- u (mu) 10-6 0.000 001
nano- n 10-9 0.000 000 001
pico- p 10-12 0.000 000 000 001
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Prefix Symbol Magnitude Meaning (multiply by)
Yotta- Y 1024 1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
Zetta- Z 1021 1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
Exa- E 1018 1 000 000 000 000 000 000
Peta- P 1015 1 000 000 000 000 000
- - - -
femto- f 10-15 0.000 000 000 000 001
atto- a 10-18 0.000 000 000 000 000 001
zepto- z 10-21 0.000 000 000 000 000 000 001
yocto- y 10-24 0.000 000 000 000 000 000 000 001
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The simplicity of the system is derived from
using the arithmetic base 10.One simply needs to
shift the decimal point or change an exponent to
express results with a different prefix.
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SAMPLE PROBLEM
AN ANSWER TO A CALCULATION GAVE A VALUE OF
54,500 meters
ALTHOUGH CORRECT, THE VALUE IS LARGE AND
CUMBERSOME IT CAN BE SHORTENED AND REDUCED TO A
SMALLER EXPRESSION BY A SIMPLE CONVERSION
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kilometer
Kilo
Hecto
Deca
BASEUNIT
meter
Deci
REMEMBER
Centi
To change to a larger prefix,
move the decimal to the LEFT
Milli
54,500 meters
54.5 kilometers
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meter
kilometer
kilo hecto deca BASE deci centi milli
54,000 meters 54 km
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SAMPLE PROBLEM
A student has this value for the mass of a
certain object 1.43
gram
However, the formula in which she has to use the
value calls for the mass in milligrams
A quick conversion by moving the decimal point is
easy
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REMEMBER
1.43 gram
Kilo
To change to a smaller prefix,
move the decimal to the RIGHT
fill in zeros
Hecto
Deca
BASEUNIT
gram
Deci
Centi
Milli
milligram
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14.3 decigram
Kilo
Hecto
Deca
BASEUNIT
gram
Deci
Centi
Milli
milligram
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REMEMBER
1,430 milligrams
143. centigram
Kilo
To change to a smaller prefix,
move the decimal to the RIGHT
fill in zeros
Hecto
Deca
BASEUNIT
gram
Deci
Centi
Milli
milligram
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gram
milligram
kilo hecto deca BASE deci centi milli
1.43 gram 1,430 mg
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To change to a smaller prefix,
move the decimal to the RIGHT
fill in the zeros, if
necessary
Kilo
Hecto
Deca
BASEUNIT
Deci
Centi
To change to a larger prefix,
move the decimal to the LEFT
fill in the zeros, if necessary
Milli
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Convert the following measurement as
indicated95 cm to meters

1. 0.95 hm
2. 9.5 m
3. 950 m
4. 0.95 m

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Convert the following measurement as
indicated1.1 L to milliliters

1. 0.11 mL
2. 11 mL
3. 110 mL
4. 1,100 mL

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Convert the following measurement as
indicated17,000 m to kilometers

1. 1,700 km
2. 17 km
3. 170 km
4. 170,000 km

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Convert the following measurement as
indicated500 kg to grams

1. 5 g
2. 50 g
3. 500,000 g
4. 0.5 g

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Which SI prefix means one one-hundredth (1/100)?

1. Nano-
2. Micro-
3. Milli-
4. Centi-

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• 170.4 m ______________ cm
• 2) 564 dag ______________ g
• 3) 58 dg ______________ mg
• 4) 600 L ______________ kL
• 5) 0.0923 km ______________ mm
• 6) 49 hg ______________ g
• 7) 210 cL ______________ dL
• 8) 45700 cg ______________ kg
• 9) 82.4 nm ______________ ?m
• 10) 4.51 x 103 ?L ______________ mL

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• ANSWERS
• 17040cm
• 5640 g
• 5800 mg
• 0.600 kL
• 92300 mm
• 4900 g
• 21.0 dL
• 0.457 kg
• 0.0824 ?m
• 4.51 mL write out 4.51 x 103 ?L 4510 ?L, the
  decimal is understood to be after the zero. Now
  count UP from the ? prefix to the m (milli)
  prefix. You counted three places, so move the
  decimal to the LEFT three places 4.51 mL

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1. 40 ml _______ L 2.    5000 L _______ kl 3.    8 g _______ kg

4. 12000 L _______ kl 5.    50 mg _______ g 6.    6000 m _______ km

7. 200 kg _______ g 8.    10000 g _______ kg 9.    500 ml _______ L

10. 1 L _______ ml 11.    4000 L _______ kl 12.    400 cm _______ m

13. 20 ml _______ kl 14.    7000 ml _______ L 15.    7 cm _______ mm

16. 9000 L _______ ml 17.    6 m _______ mm 18.    1000 cm _______ m

19. 11 km _______ m 20.    80 mg _______ kg 21.    3 m _______ mm
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Directions Find the greatest metric measurement
in each problem. 1. 500 cm 5000 mm 4 m 2. 0.2
L 240 mL 50 cL 3. 3000 mg 250 cg 3 kg 4. 4 L
5000 mL 23,000 cL 5. 17 m 17,040,000 cm 17,
400,000,005 mm 6. 2000 cg 25,300 mg 2.5 Kg 7.
3400 cg 4.5 kg 7,000,843 mg 8. 23 L 4.3 kL
6,000,320 mL 9. 820,000 cg 38 kg 600,002,394
mg 10. 34,948,304 mL 32,394 cL 55 kL 11. 2 km
5550 m 64,430 cm 12. 435,678 g 4.32 kg
321,900,484 mg 13. 74,000 cm 824,000 mm 2
km 14. 84,000 mL 3.4 kL 750 L 15. 23,436 g
268,980 mg 2.3 kg
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