Japan

1
Japan

• Chapter 18

2
Geography

• Archipelago a chain of islands
• 4 Main Islands
• Over 3,000 islands total
• Honshu largest and the most populated

3
Pacific Ring of Fire

• Located on fault lines with many volcanoes
• Typhoons Pacific Ocean storms like hurricanes

4
Land Climate

• 80 Mountains
• 20,000 people/sq mile Honshu
• 360 people/sq mile New York
• Long growing season Terrace Farms, rice, fish
• Moderate climate because of warm ocean currents

5
Resources People

• Few mineral resources
• Japan must import iron, coal, oil
• Almost no ethnic minorities
• One language, one identity
• Outsiders can be discriminated against

6
Japan Early History
7
Early Society

• Groups of families lived in clans
• Tenno Dynasty Japans first and only family
  dynasty
• Korea brought language and religion to Japan
• Government, philosophy, art, and literature
  borrowed from China

8
Japanese Feudalism

• Similar to European feudalism
• Emperor rules
• People owed loyalty to those above them
• Samurai Warrior knights
• Shogun chief general of the army
• Shogun had more power than emperor
• Daimyo Great Samurai
• Bushido code of conduct for samurai

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• Secrets of Samurai from UnitedStreaming

11
Arrival of Europeans

• Portuguese first to reach Japan
• 1600s persecution of foreigners
• Foreigners expelled
• Japanese who left could not return
• Cannot build ocean going vessels
• Two ships per year could trade with Japan
• 1800s Japan began to reopen its ports

12
Religion

• Shinto Ancient Japanese belief system
• Link between people and nature
• Confucianism and Buddhism arrived from China

13
Japan Becomes a World Power
14
1800s

• Japan, like China, signed unequal treaties with
  western nations
• USA and European nations won the right to trade
  in Japan
• 1868 marked the end of Shogun rule in Japan

15
Meiji

• A Japanese emperor replaced the Shogun
• Reforms changed Japan
• Strong Central Government ended feudal system
• Parliament formed, based on Germany
• European style courts and laws adopted
• Education grew
• Military expanded
• Goal of the Meiji was to make Japan equal to
  Western Powers

16
Economic Social Changes

• Students were sent all over the world to learn
  new technology
• Focus on ports, weapons, transportation,
  communication systems
• Government tax money and private wealth built
  Japans economy, Zaibatsu

• Outlawed feudalism
• Samurais could not wear swords
• Movement from rural to urban
• Education required
• Voting rights increased

17
Japanese Expansion

• Japans rapid modernization made them an Asian
  power
• Defeated Chinese and Russians in war, early 1900s
• Gained valuable natural resources
• Coal
• Oil
• Iron

18
Extreme Nationalism

• Military leaders gained power because of Great
  Depression, late 20s early 30s
• The Japanese saw this as a return to the time
  when Samurai led Japan
• National goal was to free Asia from western
  imperialism

19
WWII in Asia

• Japan began expanding in 1930s
• Attack on China 1937
• Empire expanded to include many south Asian
  nations by 1942
• US cut off oil and trade to Japan Japan bombed
  Pearl Harbor 12/07/1941
• Atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki
  ended WWII in Asia
• Surrender occurred August 14, 1945

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Enola Gay plane that dropped the 1st atomic bomb
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Bocks Car dropped 2nd atomic bomb
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Hiroshima Before (top) and After (bottom)
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Hiroshima Nagasaki

• Industrial centers on Honshu island
• Hiroshima August 6, 1945
• 80,000 dead
• 4 sq miles flattened
• Nagasaki August 9, 1945
• 40,000 dead
• Surrender occurred five days later

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Japan Today
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1st 10 questions

1. How did Japan change immediately after WWII?
2. What American general led the reform efforts in
   Japan?
3. What freedoms did all Japanese gain through their
   constitution?
4. Why did the emperor remain?
5. When did the occupation of Japan end?
6. How has family life changed since WWII?
7. How have womens lives changed since WWII?
8. What changes have come about in education?
9. How have western influences changed Japan?
10. What war helped stimulate the growth of the
    Japanese economy?

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Last 10 questions

1. Why were Japanese factories successful compared
   to American factories?
2. What setbacks have the Japanese faced?
3. What industries exist in Japan today?
4. Why have Japanese businesses been successful?
5. What challenges does Japan face in the future
6. What is pacifism?
7. Why has Japan began to use their military again?
8. How has Japan helped developing nations?
9. Describe Japans relationship with China
10. Describe Japans relationship with Russia?