Uses Of Radiation

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Uses Of Radiation

• By Marriam Malik Fatima Chaudhary

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X-ray

• A type of radiation that can pass through our
  skin. When x-rayed, our bones and other
  structures cast shadows because they are denser
  than our skin, and those shadows can be detected
  on photographic film.

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Medical Purposes

• When used in this way, they are most often
  intended to kill cancerous tissue, reduce the
  size of a tumor, or reduce pain. For example,
  radioactive iodine (specifically iodine-131) is
  frequently used to treat thyroid cancer, a
  disease that strikes about 11,000 Americans every
  year.

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Radioisotopes in Medicine

• 1 out of every 3 hospital patients will undergo a
  nuclear medicine procedure
• 24Na, t½ 14.8 hr, b emitter, blood-flow tracer
• 131I, t½ 14.8 hr, b emitter, thyroid gland
  activity
• 123I, t½ 13.3 hr, g-ray emitter, brain imaging
• 18F, t½ 1.8 hr, b emitter, positron emission
  tomography
• 99mTc, t½ 6 hr, g-ray emitter, imaging agent

Brain images with 123I-labeled compound
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Scientific Applications

• Archaeologists also use radioactive substances to
  determine the ages of fossils and other objects
  through a process called carbon dating.

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Industrial Use

• Radiation is used in industries for clothing,
  cookware and forms of irradiation.

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Irridation

• Irridation is the exposure of food or other
  substances to radiation in order to kill germs
  for safety purposes.

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Chemistry In Action Food Irradiation
Dosage Effect
Up to 100 kilorad Inhibits sprouting of potatoes, onions, garlics. Inactivates trichinae in pork. Kills or prevents insects from reproducing in grains, fruits, and vegetables.
100 1000 kilorads Delays spoilage of meat poultry and fish. Reduces salmonella. Extends shelf life of some fruit.
1000 to 10,000 kilorads Sterilizes meat, poultry and fish. Kills insects and microorganisms in spices and seasoning.
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Power Plants

• Nuclear Fission is used in power plants to
  generate electricity.

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Diagram of a nuclear power plant
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Nuclear Fission
Annual Waste Production
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Nuclear Fission POWER

• Currently about 103 nuclear power plants in the
  U.S. and about 435 worldwide.
• 17 of the worlds energy comes from nuclear.

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• In conclusion, Radiation has impacted our nation
  in many positive ways, as well as mankind.

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Effects of Radiation