Vehicle Area Network

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Vehicle Area Network
Zhang Ju 2014- 5-2
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Outline

• Introduction to Vehicle Area Network
• Protocol stack of VAN
• Performance analysis
• Applications
• The Future

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Introduction to
Vehicle Area Network
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Definition
local area network in and around a moving vehicle
provide wireless access in vehicular environments
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Definition

• Classification Inter VAN , Intra (In-Vehicle)
  VAN 1
• Technology Bluetooth, WIFI, 3G, Vehicle Ad-hoc
  Network , RFID
• Standardised in ISO 11519-3
• Spectrum Allocation 5.850-5.925GHZ,
  7channels(USA)

vehicle-to-vehicle safety
high-power, longer-distance communication
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Why is VAN needed ?
Real-time Accurate Efficient
Passenger needs
Traffic congestion
Passenger experience
Intelligent Transportation Systems
Traffic accident
ITS
Active road safety applications
Energy consumption
Traf?c ef?ciency and management applications
Infotainment applications
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Intra (In-Vehicle) VAN

• Data communication network of onboard equipment
  (OBE)
• In-Vehicle Data Collection/Analysis Systems
  In-Vehicle Communication Network 1
• Assess a drivers behavior or a vehicles
  performance
• Assist drivers to respond correctly
• Infotainment

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Inter VAN

• Network of vehicles that interact with one
  another and with infrastructure to transmit and
  receive data 2
• Include
• vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V)
• vehicle-to-broadband cloud (V2B )
• vehicle-to-roadside-infrastructure (V2I )
• Provide
• obstacle detection
• navigation data
• weather conditions and accident locations
• Global Internet services

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researches and projects
Partners for Advanced Transit and High-ways
(PATH)
apply advanced technology
increase highway capacity
enhance public safety
reduce traffic congestion
energy consumption
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researches and projects
SafeTrip-21 (Safe and Efficient Travel through
Innovation and Partnerships for the 21st
Century)
conduct demonstrations and operational tests
speed up deployment of communication/ navigation
technologies
improve transportation safety
improve mobility features
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researches and projects

• Tokyo Smartway project (Japan)
• develop intelligent roads for the 21st century
• enable automated driving using ITS technologies
• Electronic Road Pricing project (Singapore )
• construct a comprehensive road network

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Protocol Stack of VAN
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Architecture of VAN

• ITS projects, architecture and standards of VAN
  depend on area 3

OBEOn Board Equipment SDN Service Delivery
Node RSE Road-Side Equipment ENOCEnterprise
Network Operation Center
IntelliDrive ITS architecture(USA)
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Architecture of VAN
V2B communications
In-Vehicle service
V2I communications
V2V communications
US DOT National ITS Architecture 3
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WAVE Protocol Stack
support the communication of data
1609.1

• manage and maintain the network
• diagnostics, synchronization
• discovery and association of
• neighboring devices

1609.3
1609.4
802.2
1609.3
relations and dependencies
802.11
1609.4
1609.4
1609.2
802.11
802.11p
802.11p
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WAVE protocol stack

• Major Involved Organizations
• American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)
• IEEE
• IEEE 1609.1
• IEEE 1609.2
• IEEE 1609.3
• IEEE 1609.4

The IEEE Task Group p
ASTM E2213-03
IEEE 802.11p
IEEE 802.11
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WAVE protocol stack

• IEEE 802.11p
• released in November 2010-11
• Based on ASTM E2213-03
• add wireless access in vehicular environments
• support ITS applications
• Apply to V2V and V2I

ASTM E2213-03 standard specification for
telecommunications and information exchange
between roadside and vehicle systems
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WAVE protocol stack

• IEEE 802.11p physical layer 3

• IEEE 802.11p MAC layer

VAN Doppler spread up to 2 kHz RMS delay
spread of up to 0.8 µs
prioritization of important safety time-critical
messages
guard interval 1.6 µs Doppler spread 156.25 kHz
enhanced distributed channel access
quality of service (QoS) support
low bit error rates highly reliable communication
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WAVE protocol stack

• IEEE 1069.4 MAC layer
• provide extensions to MAC
• supports multichannel WAVE operations

ACI--importance and urgency of its content 0 --
regular access 1 --non-prior background
Traf?c 2,3 --reserved for prioritized messages
allow prioritization of frames
Scheme of enhanced distributed channel access
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WAVE protocol stack

• IEEE 1609 4
• a family of standards for WAVE
• architecture, organization
• management structure
• communication model
• security mechanisms and physical access
• IEEE 1069.1
• resource manager
• define the communication formats (command
  message and data storage formats )
• mobile platforms supported

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WAVE protocol stack

• IEEE 1069.2
• security issues in WAVE
• IEEE 1609 .3
• supports secure message data exchange
• Define Management Information Base(MIB) for the
  WAVE protocol stack

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Performance Analysis
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Performance analysis
Architecture of the overhauled IEEE 802.11
implementation of the network simulator NS-2 3
Simulation con?guration parameters
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Performance analysis
Probability of successful message reception when
only one node is sending
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Performance analysis

• Impact of vehicle density

transmission power 20 dBm packet generation
rate5 packets/s

• Impact of transmission rate

vehicle density 96 vehicles/km transmission
power 10 dBm

• Impact of transmission power

vehicle density 96 vehicles/km packet generation
rate 5 packets/s
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Applications
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Intelligent Transportation Systems

• IVHS of America, VICS of Japan

Efficient communication Intelligent traffic
management information services
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Anti-collision system

• Camera monitor or phone software 5

Anti-collision systems using camera
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Automatic parking
automation steering wheel operation
Detect parking space
Distance 40cm
Ultrasonic sensor
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The Future
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The Future

• combine wireless local and wide area network
  technologies
• IP-centric devices, sensors, signal processing,
  and driver behavior analysis techniques
• collect driver/car/ road data
• quickly analyze and share the information
• reliable and informative communication

safe secure pleasant driving environment
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Reference
1 Miad Faezipour, Mehrdad Nourani, Adnan Saeed,
Sateesh Addepalli. Progress and Challenges in
Intelligent Vehicle Area Networks J.
Communications of The ACM, 2012, 55(2)
46-56. 2 Georgios Karagiannis, Onur Altintas,
Eylem Ekici, et al.Vehicular Networking A Survey
and Tutorial on Requirements,Architectures,
Challenges, Standards and Solutions J. IEEE
COMMUNICATIONS SURVEYS AND TUTORIALS , 2011,
13(4) 65-97. 3 Y. L. Morgan. Notes on DSRC
WAVE Standards Suite Its Architecture, Design,
and CharacteristicsJ. IEEE COMMUNICATIONS
SURVEYS AND TUTORIALS , 2010, 12(4) 78-82. 4
Hannes Hartenstein, Kenneth P Laberteaux.
VANETVehicular Applications and Inter-Networking
Technologies M. John Wiley Sons, 2010.
15-46. 5 http//www.iova.com.
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Thank you !