The War On Terror

1
The War On Terror

• President George W. Bush
• President Barak Obama

2
9-11

• 4 attacks on the US
• - WTC
• - Penatgon
• - Pennsylvania

3
Afghanistan
4
Afghanistan

• First on the ground was the CIA (quickest
  response)
• After one month Dept of Defense takes over and
  focus turns to Tora Bora region
• To large of region gt not enough forces and Bin
  Laden escapes to Pakistan

5
Afghanistan

• Get the Taliban on the run
• Gather up Al Queda and Taliban leaders
• Military trials with Rumsfeld as jury/judge (Dick
  Cheneys idea)
• Extraordinary Rendidtion moving terrorists to
  allied countries and tortured for info

6
Iraq and WMDs

• Bush states that there are links between Saddam
  Hussain and Al Queda
• CIA doesnt find any connection
• Dick Cheney doesnt trust CIA findingsgt is very
  influential on Bush
• Defense says they got info on connection from
  detainees (tortured)
• CIA vs. Defense (Tenet vs. Rumsfeld (and Cheney)

7
Trouble in Iraq

• Decisions on how the war should be fought caused
  problems
• General Tommy Franks want to fight an aggressive
  war and Rumsfeld wanted less aggressive with
  smaller force
• 145,000 and slow moving

8
Trouble in Iraq

• Debate in Bushs War Cabinet between how Iraq
  should be run after the war
• Colin Powell (Sec of State) if we break up Iraq
  we would own it wanted UN to make decisions
• Rumsfeld take out Saddam Hussain and WMD
• Sept 2002 Bush asks UN to go into Iraq and look
  for WMD

9
War on Terror

• Established Guantanamo Bay as a prison for terror
  suspects
• Terror tactics to get info
• Used religion to get info

10
Trouble in Iraq

• Cheney and his office tried to control CIA info
  and what was being reported to Senategt used a
  media blitz to get public support
• 3/7/03gt final ultimatum to Saddam ( we knew where
  Hussain was but Bush orders us not to get him
  because he gave 48 hours)
• 3/9/03gt 8 PM Bush orders troops into Iraq
• Attacked minutes after 48 hour deadline

11
Shock and Awe

• 3 weeks of constant bombardment
• Saddam Hussain and Iraqi Army disappear
• Mass chaos gt no order gt US military only had
  7,000 troops
• No Iraqi assistance
• Plan was to hand over control to Iraqi National
  Congress but a major argument between State Dept
  and Defense Dept of who should control Iraq

12
Trouble in Iraq

• CIA doesnt believe that there was a meeting with
  Saddam and Al Queda or WMDs
• War in Iraq is Rumsfelds War
• 100,000 troops in by end of 2003
• Didnt have good intellingence
• Establishment of Abu Grabe prisongt severe
  interrogation to get info

13
End of Major Conflict

• May 2003gt major conflict ends in Iraq
• US formed democratic government
• Bremer is named ambassador and put in charge of
  stabilizing the govt
• Dec 13, 2003gt Saddam Hussain is
  captured.increased violence
• Fallujah is a foreign policy nightmare to start
  2004
• Photos of interrogation are leaked
• More resistance

14
Democracy for Iraq

• June of 2004 a Constitution is written for Iraq
• Handing over control to Iraqi governmentmore
  violence as US tries to leave

15
Re-Election

• 2004 Bush gets re-elected and cleans house in his
  Cabinet
• Powell resigns gt Condeleezza Rice takes over
  (former NSA)

16
New Policy for Iraq

• Clean - Hold - Build
• Clean out insurgents
• Hold territory
• Build relationships

17
Civil War

• With the transition to Iraqi governmentgt civil
  war erupts
• Sunnis vs. Shiites
• Al Queda supports the Sunnis
• Shiite politician wins election in Iraq
• Civil war continues with US leaving
• Blame for continual violence and problems shifts
  to Rumsfeldgt resigns in 06
• 2007gt more focus on clean-hold-build and
  increases troops in Iraq
• Bush declares no defeat just a stalemate

18
Obamas War

• President Obama re-focus on Afghanistan
• 7-2-09gt 4000 Marines into southern Afghanistan
  (Helmund Province) to drive out Taliban
• Heavy fighting in tough conditions
• Primary job was connecting with the people and
  protect from Taliban threats (trusting US
  soldiers)

19
Obamas War

• General David Petraeus giving command of US
  troops in Afghanistan
• Trying to humanize troops to make connections
  with the people

20
US Relationship with Afghanistan

• 50s and 60s US helped build canals and dams in
  Helmund Province (most fertile part of
  Afghanistan)
• 70s-80s Us supplied Afghans who resisted
  Russian Communism

21
Obamas War

• Richard Hollbrook
• Special ambassador to Afghanistan
• Started nation re-building
• Major problems Hamad Karzai and Pakistan
• Karzai is President of Afghanistan but govt is
  very corrupt gt people trust Taliban more than
  Afghan government

22
Obamas War

• Pakistan
• Safe haven for Taliban (where US found Bin Laden)
• US put pressure on Pakistan but Pakistan still
  disclaims that they help Taliban and Al Queda
• Many believe that US govt is too soft on
  Pakistani leaders

23
Obamas War

• May 2, 2011 gt US SEALs kill Bin Laden in Pakistan
  with letting Pakistan know gt strained relations
  with Pakistan
• 66,000 troops in Afghanistan gt President Obama
  said by 2014 he would reduce amount to 33,000.