Page 7 (Front)

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Page 7(Front)
Focus Question Why is binomial nomenclature a
better system of naming organisms than using
common names?
Kingdoms of Life
K P C O F G S
Binomial Nomenclature
Vocabulary
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TAKS OBJECTIVE 2TEKS OBJECTIVE 8C

• The student knows the applications of taxonomy
  and can identify its limitations. The student is
  expected to (B) identify the characteristics of
  kingdoms including monerans, protists, fungi,
  plants, and animals.

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Focus Question

• How can a biologist tell if two organisms belong
  to the same kingdom?
• Discuss with your classmate and record your
  answer.

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Activity Analyze the pictures and match it with
the correct kingdom

• A) Archaebacteria
• B) Eubacteria
• C) Protista
• D) Animalia
• E) Plantae
• F) Fungi

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1
3
5
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ArchaebacteriaProkaryoticUnicellularExtreme
Conditions

• Eubacteria
• Prokaryotic
• Some autotrophic, others heterotrophic
• Single-celled

• Protista
• Eukaryotic
• Heterotrophic
• Multicellular
• Decomposers

• Fungi
• Eukaryotic
• Some autotrophic, others heterotrophic
• Sexual or asexual reproduction

Kingdoms of Life

• Animalia
• Eukaryotic
• All heterotrophic (ingest food)
• Multicellular
• Sexual reproduction

• Plantae
• Eukaryotic
• All autotrophic
• Cellulose chlorophyll present
• Multicellular

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I NEED TO REMEMBER

• Write down what you need to remember about each
  kingdom and any other important information.

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Terms you should know

• Taxonomy- the science dealing with the
  description, identification, naming, and
  classification of organisms.
• Kingdom- a taxonomic category of the highest
  rank, grouping together all forms of life having
  certain fundamental characteristics in common.
• Autotroph- organism that can make its own food
  from an inorganic source.

• Heterotroph- organism that cannot make its own
  food and must therefore eat other organisms in
  order to get nutrients.
• Eukaryote- organism whose cells have a nucleus
  and membrane-bound organelles.
• Prokaryote- organism whose cells contain no
  nucleus or membrane-bound organelles.

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Taxonomic Levels

• Broadest category (taxon) for classifying
  organisms.
• Six kingdoms
• Protista
• Fungi
• Plantae
• Animalia
• Archaebacteria
• Eubacteria

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• Kingdom
• Phylum
• Class
• Order
• Family
• Genus
• Species

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Scientific Name
Turdus migratorius

• Binomial nomenclature used
• Genus species
• Capitalize genus, but NOT species
• Italicized in print
• Underline when writing

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American Robin
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Binomial Nomenclature
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TAKS Practice Problem 1--

• The bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana, is most closely
  related to the

• spotted chorus frog (Pseudacis clarki)
• Asian flying frog (Polypedates leucomystax)
• Northern leopard frog (Rana pipiens)
• African bullfrog (Pyxicephalus adspersus)
• Answer is C

• Why is the name italicized?
• What taxa do the italicized words describe?
• How do I know if two organisms are closely
  related to one another?

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TAKS Practice Problem 2 --

• Which of these classifications is most specific?
• a. Family
• b. Genus
• c. Phylum
• d. Order
• Answer is B

• What are the 7 classifications (from broadest to
  most specific)? Hint King Phillip

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TAKS Practice Problem 3 --

• The kingdom Animalia includes all of the
  following except
• a. Jellyfish
• b. Sponges
• c. Amoebas
• d. Roundworms
• Answer is C

• What are the six kingdoms?
• What are the characteristics of the kingdom
  animalia?
• Which of these organisms lacks those
  characteristics?

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TAKS Practice Problem 4
Phylum Characteristics
Porifera Asymmetrical, numerous pores, lacks tissues and organs
Annelida Long segmented body, bilaterally symmetrical
Mollusca Soft body consisting of foot, visceral mass, and mantle
Arthropoda Segmented body, jointed legs, exoskeleton

• This animal most likely belongs to phylum
• Porifera
• Annelida
• Mollusca
• Arthropoda
• Answer is B

• What are the characteristics of the given
  organism?
• Based on your observations to which kingdom(s)
  it is not a member of?

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TAKS Practice Problem 5 --

• Bluebells in Different Locations
• Plants known as bluebells exist in England,
  Scotland, and the United States. In each of these
  locations, however, the plant known as a bluebell
  is very different from the plants called
  bluebells in the other two locations

• Which of these is demonstrated by the
  information above?
• The need for controlling variables in
  experiments.
• The need to classifying organisms scientifically.
• The importance of predicting trends from
  scientific data
• The importance of questioning experimental
  evidence.
• Answer is B

• How can three different plants have the same
  name?
• How can we prevent naming different plants
  (organisms) the same?

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TAKS Practice Problem 6 --

• Which kingdom does this organism belong to?
• Some Characteristics of Diospyros texana

• archaebacteria
• fungi
• plantae
• Animalia
• Answer is C

• Multicellular
• Eukaryotic
• Makes its own food

• Which kingdoms characeristics most closely
  resembles that of our organism?

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TAKS Practice Problem 7 --

• A laboratory investigation included examining
  prepared slides of pond water. Single-celled
  organisms with a nucleus and either cilia or
  flagella were visible. These organisms probably
  belong to the kingdom

• Animalia
• Fungi
• Plantae
• Protista
• Answer D

• Based on the given information, which kingdom(s)
  does it not belong to?

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TAKS Practice Problem 8 --

• Multicellular eukaryotes that are usually mobile
  and obtain food from other organisms probably
  belong to the kingdom
• Plantae
• Fungi
• Animalia
• Protista

• Based on the given information, which kingdom(s)
  does it not belong to?

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TAKS Practice Problem 9 --

• According to the table, the gray wolf is least
  related to the
• dog
• rattlesnake
• salamander
• Lobster
• Answer D

Classification Examples
Kingdom Animalia Gray wolf, dog, rattlesnake, mockingbird, salamander, lobster
Phylum Chordata Gray wolf, dog, rattlesnake, mockingbird, salamander
Genus Canis Gray wolf, dog
Species lupus Gray wolf

• Why are there less and less examples as you move
  from kingdom to species?
• Are organisms more closely related if they
  belong to the same kingdom or the same genus?