Warm-Up

1
Warm-Up

• Think of a time when you had a conflict with
  someone. How did both sides act? What happened
  as tensions increased.
• Write about the incident on the right side of
  your notebook.

2
The Cold War Begins

• Cold War
• intense rivalry
• No actual fighting
• Lasted 50 years
• The West (US and our allies) vs East (Soviet
  Union and its allies)

3
Origins of the Cold War

• During WWII the US Great Britain worked
  together with the Soviets but distrusted them.

• Disliked rejection of religion and private
  property.
• Angered by attempts to overthrow noncommunist
  governments.
• Soviets desire to destroy free enterprise systems.

Great Britain
Soviet Union
US

• Distrusted Western Powers
• Feared US would attack Soviet Union
• Feared US would try to rebuild Germany to
  challenge Soviet Union

4
Broken Promises

• Post WWII Soviets occupied most of Eastern
  Europe.
• Stalin promised to hold free elections but did
  not.
• These countries became known as satellite nations
  or politically and economically controlled by a
  more powerful nation.
• Satellite Nations used harsh dictatorship to rule.

5
The Iron Curtain

• The Iron Curtain cut off Soviet run Eastern
  Europe from democratic governments of the West.

Other communist parties, backed by Stalin gained
popularity in Italy and Greece.
6
The United States Responds

• The Marshall Plan
• Aids Europes Economies that were devastated post
  WWII.
• Secretary of State George Marshall plan to give
  13 billion in grants and loans to countries that
  needed it. It increased trade as those countries
  bought US goods. It created good relationships
  that worked to stop communist expansion.

• Kennan Containment
• American diplomat whose goal was to keep
  communism from spreading.
• He did not believe Stalin would risk soviet
  security for expansion or war with the U.S.
• No quick, easy solution to Soviet threat.
• Containment would require economic, political,
  and military commitment.

• Truman Doctrine
• Military and economic aid to countries to fight
  off communism

7
Ticket Out

• Use the following information to create a pie
  chart of the shipments financed by the Marshall
• Plan, 1948-1951
• Raw Materials 37
• Food other produce 32
• Fuel 16
• Machines Vehicles 14
• Other 1

Left side of your notebook
8
Shipments financed by the Marshall Plan
9
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10
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11
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12
Results of the Airlift
13
Berlin Wall

• West Germany rebuilt economy (with American
  aid) and became prosperous
• East Germany much poorer, undemocratic
  government
• East Germans fled into West Germany embarrassing
  the communists
• 1961 East Germans built a wall sealing off East
  Germany
• Separated families and friends
• Bitter symbol of the Cold War

14
Berlin Wall Images
15
New Alliances
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Warsaw Pact

• Soviets created its own alliance with neighbors
• Response to NATO

• NATO US and Western European Countries
• Goal was to defend Western Europe against Soviets

United Nations World Organization. 51 Nations
agree to bring problems for a peaceful
settlement. fight hunger and disease improve
education provide food, medicine, supplies
16
1949 Year of Shocks
US felt it had been winning the cold war since
we were the only ones with the atomic bomb. US
learns Soviets have it too.
Communists forces led by Mao Zedong gained power
in China
Together China and Soviet controlled ¼ of the
globe. Americans feared communism could spread.