House of Commons House of Lords

1
House of CommonsHouse of Lords

• Presented by ??

2
Parliament ,Britain

• The Crown
• The House of Lords
• The House of Commons

3
House of Commons Democratically elected body 659
MPs
659 constituencies
Lose a vote of confidence
max 5 years
resign or dissovle
fails to carry its legislation
General Election
Election
By--election
4
Candidates Voters

• a citizen of the UK, of a British overseas
  territory, of the Republic of Ireland, or of a
  member of the Commonwealth of Nations
• Age 21 or over for candidates, 18 or over for
  voters
• Not qualified such as , Members of House of
  Lords, undischarged bankrupts, mental illness

5
General Election--preparation

• nominated on an official nomination paper giving
  his or her full name and home address
• Paper must include the signatures of 10 electors
  who will support him or her including a proposer
  and a seconder
• must stand either for a registered political
  party or as an independent.

6

• Must pay a 500 pound deposit which is lost if
  they do not secure 5 of the total number of
  voters cast in their constituency
• ---------discourage large number of frivolous
  candidates from standing
• Usually approved by head office selected as
  prospective Parlimentary Candidate

7
Election day
In the constituency

• 3 weeks before,Local
• campaign
• Contest for the most votes
• Make public speeches
• appears on local TV
• canvasses from house
• to house
• Hand out manifesto

Candidate with the Most votes wins
First-past-the-post
8
when a Member dies, retires or is disqualified
from membership of the House of Commons
By-election
Voting only in the Constituency Without a member
The same electoral System as in General election
9
The House of Lords unelected body
Senior clerics of The church of England The Lords
Spiritual
Certain members Of Peerage The Lords Temporal
As long as their ecclesiastical positions
Serve for life
10
The Lords Spiritual

• No more than 26 Lords Spiritual
• Include the 5 most important ecclesiastics of the
  Church
• the Archbishop of Canterbury (southeast
  England)
• the Archbishop of York (northern England)
• the Bishop of London (southern England)
• the Bishop of Durham (nouthern England)
• the Bishop of Winchester (south-central
  England)

11

• The church of Scotland is not representation by
  any Lords Spiritual--- Presbyterian(????)
  institution, no archbishops or bishops
• The Church of Ireland did obtain representation
  in the House of Lords after the Union of Ireland
  and Great Britain in 1801. However, it was
  disestablished in 1871, and ceased to be
  reprensented by Lords Spiritual
• Hence,all Lords Spiritual in the present House
  are of the Church of England

12
The Lords Temporal

• Originally, the Lords Temporal included several
  hereditary peersdukes, marquesses, earls,
  viscounts, barons, and lords of Parliament. Such
  hereditary dignities are created by the Crown, in
  modern times on the advice of the Prime Minister
  of the day.
• However,The House of Lords Act 1999 provides that
  only ninety-two individuals may continue to sit
  in the Upper House by virtue of hereditary
  peerages.

13
The Earl Marshal(???)
2
The Lord Great Chamberlain (???)
A.92 Hereditary peerages
15 elected by the whole House
90
75 chosen by fellow Hereditaries in the House
of Lords
14
B.Life peers the largest group

• Created by the Sovereign, who acts on the advice
  of the Prime Minister
• By convention, PM allows leaders of other parties
  to select some life peers ---maitian a politacal
  balance in the House of Lords
• Some non-party life peers are nominated by an
  independent house of Lords Appointment Comminsson

15
C.The lords of Appeal in Ordinary

• A group of individuals appointed to the House of
  Lords so that they may exercise its judical
  functions
• Selected by the Prime Minister, but are formally
  appointed by the Sovereign
• Hold seats the House of Lords for life

16
The House of Lords, as of 1 November 2004
 
17
Thanks for your attention!