Biotechnology

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Biotechnology

• Plant and Soil Science
• Plant Science Technology
• Lesson 1 2

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What Is Biotechnology?

• Any technique that uses living organisms or
  substances from those organisms to make or modify
  a product, to improve plants or animals, or to
  develop microorganisms for specific uses

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Biotech Terms

• Genetics the biology of heredity
• Heredity the transmission of characteristics
  from an organism to its offspring through
  genes in reproductive cells.
• Genes components of cells which determine the
  individual characteristics of living things
• Generation refers to offspring of common
  parents
• Progeny offspring
• Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) coded information
  in a cell that determines what that cell and
  its successive cells will be become.

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Biotech Terms cont.

• Clone exact duplicate of something
• Genetic engineering movement of genetic
  information in the form of genes from one cell
  to another.
• Mapping / Gene Mapping identifying and
  recording the location of a specific gene on a
  chromosome.
• Gene Splicing / Recombinant DNA Technology
  process of removing and inserting genes into
  DNA.

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Gregor Johann Mendel
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Historic Biotech Applications

• Yeast make bread rise
• Bacteria ferment sauerkraut produce
  cheese(s) other dairy products
• Microorganisms transform fruit and grains
  into alcoholic beverages

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Historic Biotech Applications

• Silage
• green grasses and grains have been stored in
  air-tight spaces and containers, such as silos,
  where bacteria convert sugars and starches in
  acids.
• These acids provide a desirable taste and protect
  the feed from spoilage by other microorganisms

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Pairs of Strands
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Double Helix
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Create Duplicate Strands
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Plant Genetic Engineering
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Human Insulin Production