Section II: Conflict in Europe (Pages 668-671)

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Section II Conflict in Europe(Pages 668-671)

• This section is about
• How World War II began with the invasion of
  Poland and how Hitler soon conquered most of
  Europe, including France.
• How the United States responded to the Nazi
  attacks.
• How resistance fighters helped fight the Nazis.
• How women worked to help the allies.

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• Well start with something you already probably
  know the picture on page 671 Does that look
  familiar?
• Theres nothing wrong with looking at a couple of
  the questions first page 671 Review History
  A and B.
• Also Critical Thinking and Write about
  Economics

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Conflict In EuropeWorld War II Begins
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• Most of Europe had been turning their head as
  Hitler invaded Austria, and then Czechoslovakia.
• They had remembered WWI and how horrible it was
  and hoped by appeasing Hitler, he might be happy
  and stop.
• Finally, France and Great Britain agreed that if
  Hitler invaded Poland, theyd have to take some
  action.

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Invasion of Poland

• On September 1st, 1939, Hitler invaded Poland.
• Two days later, France and Great Britain declared
  war on Germany.
• Eventually 40 other nations (including the U.S.
  and eventually the U.S.S.R.) would form an
  alliance (the Allies) against Germany, Italy, and
  Japan.
• ..

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• Hitlers invasion of Poland was his first real
  show of military power.
• His new strategy was called a blitzkrieg
  (lightning war).
• This was a total attack of planes dropping bombs,
  followed by fast moving tanks and trucks carrying
  troops and weapons.
• The Polish army was overwhelmed.
• Within a month, Poland no longer existed.
• Germany and the Soviets divided Poland in two (as
  they had agreed to).

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The Move West

• Germany didnt attack anyone else in 1939 but
  Russia did (Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia, and a
  little of Finland).
• In April, 1940, Hitler did attack and take Norway
  and Denmark, and in May took Luxemburg and the
  Netherlands.
• The Germans were finally ready to head west - to
  France.
• The French and British were ready at the
  German/French border, but the Germans first went
  through Belgium.

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The Miracle at Dunkirk and the Fall of France
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• This left thousands of French and British
  soldiers trapped with little hope for escape.
• The British asked for all available ships to come
  help.
• Stranded soldiers fought their way to Dunkirk as
  the boats (big ships even tiny fishing boats)
  came to rescue 350,000 soldiers.
• This was called the Miracle at Dunkirk and gave
  a huge boost to the morale of the British.
• But France couldnt stop the Germans and their
  Luftwaffe (and the Italians in the south) and had
  to surrender when the Germans had taken Paris.

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The Blitz in Britain

• Britain was unhappy with their Prime Minister
  (Neville Chamberlin who they thought didnt do
  enough), and replaced him with Winston Churchill.
• Churchill was one of the few politicians who had
  been against appeasement. He knew Hitler was a
  threat to world peace.
• After France, Hitler next attacked Great Britain,
  starting with the bombing of air bases and then
  cities.
• .

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• The Battle of Britain or the blitz lasted for
  57 days in a row.
• Hitler believed the constant attacks would weaken
  the British people.
• Instead, it made them even tougher.
• Many British camped out in bomb shelters and
  underground railway stations.
• The kept watching the English Channel for signs
  of an invasion.
• In London alone, 14,000 people were killed in the
  bombings.

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Responses to the Nazi Threat
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• It took a while, but other nations around the
  world began to get involved.
• At first, the United States declared it would
  stay neutral and stay out of anything that didnt
  directly involve them.
• But when their friends were attacked (France and
  Great Britain), people in the United States began
  to change their opinions of staying neutral.

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Lend-Lease Act and the Atlantic Charter
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• President Roosevelt (FDR) wanted to help, but
  didnt want to go against our isolationist
  policies.
• He came up with the idea of the Lend-Lease Act.
• The U.S. Would be the arsenal (provide weapons
  for) for those standing up to Hitler.
• FDR also met with Churchill and agreed to the
  Atlantic Charter to support all peoples to
  determine their own governments. This helped
  strengthen the bond between the two.

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Resistance Movements

• Poland, France, Belgium, and others were under
  Hitlers control.
• They were forced to supply Hitler and his armies
  with manufactured goods and food.
• Many people tried to resist they were called
  the underground.
• French General Charles de Gaulle had escaped
  before the Nazis overran France and helped by
  sending messages to the resistance.
• Many groups tried to sabotage the Nazis
  (intentionally damaging or destroying something).
• Some other resistance took the form of helping
  Jewish people hide and/or escape (Anne Frank)

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Women in the War

• Just like WWI, millions of men left their jobs to
  fight.
• Women took their places making planes, ships,
  tanks, and other military supplies.
• Some also raised crops at home.
• Many women even served in the armed forces.
• They werent allowed in direct combat, but did
  often serve in places there was direct danger.

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This is the last slide for today
Make sure page "C" is completed
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