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Personality

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Title: Personality


1
Personality
  • Chapter 10

2
Activity
  • Tear a blank sheet of paper in half.
  • On a ½ sheet of paper- write a list of
    words/characteristics
  • that describe your personality
  • On the other halfdraw a pig.

3
  • Get a partner that knows you- give them the empty
    half sheet with your name on it
  • Your partner should now describe you

4
  • Give the list back to the person
  • Compare the list you wrote, with the list your
    partner wrote
  • Are there similarities differences? Why?

5
  • How are people similar?
  • How are people different?
  • What makes you unique?

6
Personality
  • A persons unique and relatively consistent
    patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving.

7
Theories of Personality
  • Different theories tell us how and why we have
    the personality we do.

8
Psychoanalysis- Freud
  • Personality is determined from your unconscious
    desires/ conflicts (sexual aggressive)

9
Consciousness
  • Unconscious- what you dont know is there- formed
    in early childhood
  • Preconscious- you dont know, but can get easily
  • Conscious- what you know and can remember

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11
Psychoanalytical ApproachThe Unconscious Mind
  • Unconscious Mind the most basic of all human
    instincts and desires live in the unconscious
    mind. Primitive, uncontrolled thoughts of sex,
    aggression, hunger.

12
Psychoanalytical Approach The Unconscious Mind
  • Unconscious Mind
  • contains all of our repressed thoughts, passions,
    desires, wishes, feeling, etc.
  • Repressed feelings are forcibly blocked from our
    consciousness because they would be too
    unsettling to acknowledge

13
  • The unconscious effects the conscious level in
    symbolic, disguised forms.
  • Freudian Slips- mistakes from unconscious mind

14
Psychoanalytical Approach
  • How do we access the Unconscious Mind?

15
Psychoanalytical Approach Accessing the
Unconscious Mind
  • Dream Interpretation
  • Manifest Content the actual content of dreams
  • Latent Content the interpreted content of a
    dream and unconscious wishes

16
Dream Interpretation Using Free Association
  • Freud's Free Association Technique
  • Write out your entire dream.
  • Select the section or paragraph that is most
    emotionally charged.
  • List every word of that paragraph on the left
    side of the page.
  • Write your association - whatever pops into your
    mind - on the right of each word.
  • Rewrite the dream segment using only the
    associations.

17
Accessing the Unconscious Mind
  • The Freudian Slips
  • Freud's term for these was "faulty action" In
    every case there is presumed to be an unconscious
    determinant of the faulty action, which can
    sometimes be inferred directly from the context.
  • errors of speech (Versprechen)
  • memory (Vergessen)
  • action-body language-body cues (Vergreifen)

18
Psychoanalytical Approach Accessing the
Unconscious Mind
  • The Freudian Slip - Speech
  • "As I was telling my husb" before abruptly
    breaking off and correcting herself "As I was
    telling President Bush."
  • Condeleeza Rice
  • Does the Secretary of State have a tormented
    life??

19
Psychoanalytical Approach Accessing the
Unconscious Mind
  • The Freudian Slip - Speech
  • Please do not give me any bills, because I
    cannot swallow them (Patient meant to say pills,
    but was really preoccupied by financial stresses)
  • Youre the breast dressed woman here. (Man to
    his neighbors wife at costume party. Should
    have said best. Does this men he lusts after
    her?)

20
Freudian Slips Clip Here
21
Testing
  • Projective Tests
  • Personality tests that provide ambiguous stimuli
    to trigger projection of ones inner thoughts and
    feelings

22
Psychoanalytical Approach Developing Personality
  • The battle for satisfaction between the
    unconscious mind and our conscious awareness
    takes place on three mental battlefields
  • ID
  • EGO
  • SUPEREGO

23
Freuds personality structure
  • Id- At Birth
  • Unconscious
  • Pleasure Principle
  • Irrational, instinctual, Immediate

24
  • Ego- comes with experience
  • Reality Principle
  • Part Conscious (un, pre)
  • Organized, rational, acceptable ways to desire
  • Mediator

25
  • Superego- (5 or 6)
  • Morality Principle
  • Partly Conscious (un, pre)
  • Values, acceptable behavior, conscience,
    guilt-shame-anxiety

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30
Ego Defense Mechanisms
  • Your EGO must safely and responsibly satisfy your
    ID, while keeping in mind your SUPEREGO

31
  • Too much for the ego anxiety
  • Reality is distorted to keep away the anxiety

32
Defense Mechanism
  • Your minds way of reducing internal stress
    caused by excess anxiety

33
Repression
  • Excluding from consciousness all anxiety
    producing thoughts, feelings, impulses

34
  • You cant remember anything about a car accident
    you had two weeks ago
  • The accident produces too much anxiety- so it
    goes away

35
Regression
  • Behaving in a way that is characteristic of
    earlier development (childlike).

36
  • My 10 year old is sucking her thumb all of a
    sudden, she stopped at age 2.
  • After a divorce (she cant handle the idea) she
    reverts back to a safer time

37
Identification
  • When a person changes some aspect of their
    personality to be more like others thus
    reducing anxiety.
  • Occurs on a subconscious level not just
    mimicking

38
Defense Mechanisms
Reaction Formation
  • when the EGO is stressed over whether not it is
    making the right decision regarding a behavior,
    instead of dealing

with the anxiety, the EGO enacts behavior that is
exactly opposite of the decision it made
39
Psychoanalytical ApproachDefense Mechanisms
  • A child, angry at his or her mother, may become
    overly concerned with her and rather dramatically
    shower her with affection.
  • An abused child may run to the abusing parent. Or
    someone who can't accept a homosexual impulse may
    claim to despise homosexuals

40
Displacement
  • Redirection of impulse toward a safer
    alternative

41
  • I was really upset because my seniors miss too
    many days of class, I cant hurt them, so I pick
    something I can hurt

I go home and kick my dog instead
42
Rationalization
  • Justifying your actions/ feelings with another
    explanation- not your true feelings

43
  • Im glad I didnt get into that college- the
    drive would have been too far.
  • You were really upset about not getting in, but
    cant face that anxiety

44
Projection
  • Giving your own unacceptable urges or qualities
    to others.

45
  • I dont understand how he doesnt get a
    detention- he is always late to class!
  • You have been late 15 times, but you dont talk
    about YOU.

46
Denial
  • Failing to recognize or acknowledge the existence
    of information that causes anxiety.

47
  • No, I dont have a drinking problem, I can stop
    anytime I want.
  • You are an alcoholic- your friends and family all
    know it, but you wont admit it.

48
Compensation
  • Covering up weaknesses, frustrations, feelings of
    inadequacy or incompetence in ones life by
    striving for excellence in another area.

49
compensation
  • Under compensation leads to inferiority complex
  • Over compensation leads to superiority complex

50
Sublimation
  • The Transfer of unwanted behaviors into something
    less harmful.
  • Freud considered it the only healthy defense
    mechanism

51
  • A person who is angry may work out and get in
    shape as a result
  • A person that is sexually frustrated may become
    an artist and release the pent up energy and
    emotion into great works of art.

52
Psychosexual Stages
  • Freuds theory of sexual development
  • Sexual means whatever brings pleasure, not
    procreation

53
  • Your Sexual Energy (Libido) is focused on
    different parts of the body at different ages.

54
  • If too much or too little energy is expressed
    during each stage- a person can become fixated
  • Fixated stages affect your personality

55
Oral Stage
  • Birth to 1 ½
  • Pleasure through eating, biting, putting
    everything in mouth
  • The primary conflict at this stage is the weaning
    process (becoming less dependent)

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Fixated?
  • If child has a problem developing independence,
    fixation will occur
  • Personality is highlighted by dependency issues,
    aggression, gullibility, sarcasm, lack of
    confidence
  • Bites on pens, smokes, bites fingernails,
    addicted to chap stick, chews a lot of gum

58
Anal Stage
  • 1 ½ to 3
  • Potty training is the major conflict
  • Pleasure through control of elimination
  • Developing this control leads to a sense of
    accomplishment and control.

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Fixated?
  • inappropriate parental responses during potty
    training can result in negative outcomes.
  • too lenient an anal-expulsive personality could
    develop in which the individual has a messy,
    wasteful, or destructive personality.
  • too strict or too early an anal-retentive
    personality develops in which the individual is
    stringent, orderly, rigid, and obsessive.

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62
Phallic Stage
  • Age 3-5
  • Discover genitals ( difference between girls
    boys)
  • Attachment to opp. sex parent, Jealous of same
    sex parent

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Oedipus Complex
  • Unconscious desire for opposite sex parent
    hostility toward same sex parent
  • Boys Mommies

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Electra Complex
  • Unconscious desire for opposite sex parent
    hostility toward same sex parent
  • Girls Daddies
  • Penis Envy

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68
Identification
  • To get rid of urges imitation of same sex
    parent
  • Boys want to only play with Daddy, Girls only
    with Mommy

69
Karen Horney
  • "Girls hold their mother responsible for their
    lack of a penis and do not forgive her for their
    being thus put at a disadvantage" Freud (1933)
  • Freud felt that all women remain fixated in the
    phallic stage due to this penis envy

I propose that men are fixated on this stage due
to Womb Envy! They feel inferior because they
cant give birth to children!
The concept of Penis Envy is inaccurate and
demeaning!
So take that Freud!
70
Fixation in the Phallic Stage
  • For men Anxiety and guilty feelings about sex,
    fear of castration, and narcissistic personality.
  • For women It is implied that women never
    progress past this stage fully and will always
    maintain a sense of envy and inferiority

71
Latency Stage
  • Age 5- Puberty
  • No sexual energy (absence of libido) in part
    due to the growth of the ego and superego
  • Learns gender identity

72
  • Guys are gross
  • Girls have cooties..
  • Girls play with girls
  • Boys play with boys

73
Latent Stage
  • Fixations do not develop in this stage

74
Genital Stage
  • Puberty
  • Reproduction capable
  • Mature, responsible urges and pursuit of
    relationships
  • No Fixation any problems arising during this
    phase is due to a fixation from a previous stage

75
Updating Freuds Theory
  • Modern Psychologists put less emphasis than Freud
    on
  • Sexual basis of personality
  • Men vs. women
  • Freuds Theories are updated by the likes of
    Erikson, Piaget, etc
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