Foot and Mouth Disease

1

• Foot and Mouth Disease

2
Etiology

• Apthovirus (Picornaviridae)

3
Epidemiology

• Affects all cloven footed animals (Cattle,
  Buffalo, Pig, Sheep Goat)
• Highly contagious
• Low mortality
• Great economic impact world wide due to
  production loss
• Africa, Asia, South America, Part of Europe are
  endemic
• Japan, New Zeland Australia are disease free

4
Prevalence

• Serotypes O, A, C Asia1, SAT1, SAT2, SAT3
• O C occur most commonly
• Disease generally occurs as a outbreak and
  spreads from heard to heard.
• Morbidity up to 100
• Mortality 2 (adults)
• 20 (Young ones)

5
Transmission

• Direct contact
• Infected feed, water, farm utensils
• Milk man
• All the excretions of the affected animals
  contains organism
• Wind speed of 4m/sec relative humidity gt60
• Infection can be windborne as far as 250kms
• Wild animals act as reservoir

6
Clinical signs

• Fever
• Profuse salivation
• Vesicles in mouth, feed, udder, nostrils
• Sudden death in young ones

7
Salivation
8
Oral ulcer
9
Pealed off oral epithelium
10
Foot lesion
11
Udder lesion
12

• FMD OBR at
• Usilampatty taluk
• Madurai

13

• On 29-1-2011 field veterinarian informed ADIU,
  Madurai about incidences of FMD by mobile phone.
• (WE CAN MAKE USE OF NEW BB/COMPUTER FACILITY)
• Animal Disease Intelligence Unit visited the
  village, samples are collected and sent to IVPM,
  Ranipet by special messenger.
• Reports are communicated to Head office by FAX
  Mobile phone.

14

• Results from IVPM is received by post.
• In emergency situations results are received by
  telephonic message.
• Teams of doctors are deployed to carryout
  vaccination and treatment.
• Population of animals at affected village and
  villages covering 8 kms radius is calculated
• Vaccination to the risk group is organised

15

• Daily report about disease status is communicated
  to head office by FAX for 7 days after fresh
  attack.
• Daily report will be having,
• Number of fresh attack, death,
• Number of ailing animals and number of dead
  animals.
• Number of animals vaccinated

16

• Final report will be having
• Number of affected animals, dead animals
• Number of animals vaccinated
• Economic loss to farmer due to deathproduction
  loss

Weekly reports are sent to head office by post
for 4 consecutive weeks. If there is no fresh
attack final report is sent after 4 weeks