CP PSYCHOLOGY

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CP PSYCHOLOGY
CHAPTER 15 Abnormal Behavior Section 15Q1 Common
Psychological Disorders Mr. Freccia, NHS Glencoe
Publishers
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Abnormal Psychology (15Q1)

• Abnormal refers to a deviance from the norm,
  inability to adjust, or poor mental health
• Psychological Disorder is a harmful
  dysfunction in which behavior is judged by
  mental health professionals to be
• atypical (plus behaviors below)
• disturbing (for the time period/culture)
• maladaptive (harmful to self/others)
• unjustifiable (not rational to others)
• Example - Smoking is a disorder/homosexuality is
  not

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Abnormal Psychology (15Q1)

• Historically Perceived Causes
• movements of sun or moon
• evil spirits/demon possession
• Ancient Treatments
• harsh/ineffective - exorcism, caged like
  animals, beaten, burned, castrated, mutilated,
• blood replaced with animals blood

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Abnormal Psychology (15Q1)
Mental patients were restrained as a humane way
to regain sensibility
Admission fees were charged to observe mentally
ill at St. Marys hospital (1700s)
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Abnormal Psychology (15Q1)

• Prior to 1980 disorders were classified as
  either neurosis or psychosis
• Neurotic Disorder (term seldom used today)
• usually distressing but person thinks rationally
  and functions socially
• less debilitating than a psychosis
• Psychotic Disorder
• person loses contact with reality
• experience irrational ideas and distorted
  perceptions
• Similar to living out a daydream

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Abnormal Psychology (15Q1)

• DSM-IV American Psychiatric Associations
  Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental
  Disorders (4th Edition)
• the system for classifying psychological
  disorders
• describes but does not explain the cause of
  psychological disorders
• critics argue these labels are too arbitrary and
  misused
• labels may cause more harm than good for the
  individual

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Abnormal Psychology (15Q1)

• Anxiety Based Disorders can cause excessive
  worrying, mood swings, and fear
• Generalized Anxiety Generalized apprehension
  or feeling that one is in danger
• Physical symptoms include muscle tension,
  inability to relax, indigestion, diarrhea
• Phobias Fear of an object or situation that is
  out of proportion to the actual danger
• (Acrophobia/Heights)
• (Nyctophobia/Darkness)
• (Social Phobia/Embarrassment)
• Panic Disorders Sudden unexplainable attacks
  of intense fear and impending doom

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Abnormal Psychology (15Q1)
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Abnormal Psychology (15Q1)

• Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Causes unwanted
  anxiety driven thoughts/actions
• Obsession Uncontrollable, repetitive pattern of
  thoughts caused by anxiety
• Compulsion Irrational actions that are
  repeatedly performed to reduce anxiety

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Abnormal Psychology (15Q1)
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Abnormal Psychology (15Q1)

• Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Long-lasting
  anxiety caused by a traumatic event
• Overwhelms a persons sense of normal reality
  and ability to cope with the world

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CP PSYCHOLOGY
CHAPTER 15 Abnormal Behavior Section
15Q2 Additional Disorders Mr. Freccia,
NHS Glencoe Publishers
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Abnormal Psychology (15Q2)

• Somatoform Disorders Anxiety based physical
  ills with no apparent physical cause
• Conversion Disorder Emotional difficulties
  converted into loss of physical function
• Examples include deafness, partial paralysis,
  blindness, numbness, ghost pain
• La belle indifference Person accepts the
  physical loss with relative calm

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Abnormal Psychology (15Q2)

• Hypochondria Person in good health becomes
  preoccupied with imaginary ailments
• Occurs mainly during young adulthood, equally
  common to men and women

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Abnormal Psychology (15Q2)

• Dissociative Disorders Involves a disturbance
  of a persons conscious experience
• Psychogenic Amnesia Loss of identity - possible
  attempt to escape lifes problems
• Psychogenic Fugue Amnesia that is coupled with
  active flight to a new environment
• Multiple Personality Person assumes two or more
  distinct and separate identities
• Eve White, a famous example, displayed 24
  personalities no more than 3 at a time

Movie 3 Faces of Eve
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Abnormal Psychology (15Q2)
Mood Disorders
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Abnormal Psychology (15Q2)

• Mood Disorders Exaggerated happy or depressed
  moods hamper ability to function
• Depressive Disorder Deep sadness, anxiety,
  fatigue, with reduced ability to interact
• Single Episode Depression Strikes deeply and
  seriously in one dramatic episode
• Recurrent Depression An extended or cyclical
  pattern of serious depression

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Abnormal Psychology (15Q2)
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Abnormal Psychology (15Q2)

• Canadian depression rates

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Abnormal Psychology (15Q2)

• Few people who talk about suicide attempt it but
  most who attempt it have talked about it (warning
  sign)
• More Whites Vs Blacks and Men Vs women commit
  suicide

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Abnormal Psychology (15Q2)

• Bipolar Disorder
• Person becomes excessively or inappropriately
  happy or depressed
• Manic-Type Reaction
• Extreme elation, confusion, distraction, with
  racing thoughts

• Depressive-Type Reaction
• Overcome by feeling of failure, worthlessness,
  despair

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Abnormal Psychology (15Q2)

• PET scans show that brain energy consumption
  rises and falls with emotional switches

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CP PSYCHOLOGY
CHAPTER 15 Abnormal Behavior Section
15Q3 Schizophrenia Mr. Freccia, NHS Glencoe
Publishers
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Abnormal Psychology

• Schizophrenia Cognitive disorder resulting in a
  considerable lost contact with reality
• Person is often confused with disordered
  thoughts and perceptions, like a dream
• Delusions False beliefs maintained contrary to
  obvious evidence otherwise
• Hallucinations False sensations in the absence
  of appropriate stimulation

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Abnormal Psychology

• Schizophrenia is classified into several
  subtypes according to exhibited behavior
• Paranoid Has delusions of grandeur, or feels
  persecuted by people watching them
• Catatonic May remain motionless for long
  periods, unresponsive to external stimuli
• Disorganized Incoherent speech, inappropriate
  emotions, (giggle, laugh, cry)
• Undifferentiated Primarily hallucinatory and
  delusional with scrambled speech
• Remissive Symptoms have completely gone away,
  but will inevitably return

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Abnormal Psychology

• Schizophrenia is a serious and permanent
  disorder normally requiring hospitalization
• 1 of population develops schizophrenia
• 17 probability if mother is Schizo
• 48 if both parents are Schizo
• Indicates a strong genetic link

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Abnormal Psychology
Schizophrenia affects about 1 in 100 people
worldwide Genetic predisposition/transmission
found in current research
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Abnormal Psychology

• Dopamine Hypothesis
• Excess dopamine at synapses is related to
  diagnosis of Schizophrenia
• Difficult to tell if chemical imbalance is the
  cause or result of schizophrenia

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Abnormal Psychology

• Family Interaction Hypothesis
• Pathogenic, unhealthy families contribute to
  Schizophrenia

The Osbournes Dysfunctional Family?
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Abnormal Psychology

• Diathesis-Stress Hypothesis Genetic
  predisposition plus the environment causes Schizo
• Nature Nurture (Genetic/Environment)
  debate over the cause of Schizophrenia continues

Plus
Plus
Dysfunctional Family
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CP PSYCHOLOGY
CHAPTER 15 Abnormal Behavior Section
15Q4 Personality Type Disorders Mr. Freccia,
NHS Glencoe Publishers
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Abnormal Psychology

• Autism Infantile cognitive disorder child does
  not respond normally to outside stimuli
• Doesnt respond to people is slow to
  communicate has limited interests and behaviors

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Abnormal Psychology

• Personality Disorders Inability to form
  meaningful relationships with other people
• Antisocial Personality Disorder
• person (usually man) exhibits a lack of
  conscience for wrongdoing, even toward friends
  and family members (the jerk/thug)
• Often aggressive/ruthless/clever con artist
• Includes psychopaths/sociopaths
• Psychopathic cases are rare but do exist

Hannibal Lechter Jeffrey Daumer
Ted Bundy
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Abnormal Psychology

• Personality Disorders are characterized by
  inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that
  impair social function
• Histrionic Shallow attention-getting emotions
  in order to gain praise/reassurance (drama queen)
• Narcissistic exaggerate self-importance, may
  act with rage or shame to any criticism
  (cocky/vain)
• Borderline unstable identity, emotions (lost
  soul)
• Personality disorders are fairly common in our
  society, and often goes untreated

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Abnormal Psychology

• Drug Addiction Disorder causing physical,
  social, and psychological dysfunction

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Abnormal Psychology

• Psychological Dependence
• Users mentally rely on artificial sense of
  well-being
• Person becomes restless, irritable, and uneasy
  when deprived of the drug

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Abnormal Psychology

• Addiction The drug induced state becomes the
  bodys normal state
• Without the drug the person experiences extreme
  physical discomfort/illness

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Abnormal Psychology

• Tolerance Body adapts to the drug so that
  increased dosages are required for a high

• Withdrawal physical and psychological upset as
  body revolts against the lack of drugs

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Abnormal Psychology

• Alcoholism The countrys most serious drug
  addiction problem. There is no cure
• Produces psychological and physical dependence,
  tolerance and addiction
• Delirium Tremens Violent withdrawal symptoms
  associated with alcoholism
• Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) Organization that
  helps alcoholics to recover

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Abnormal Psychology
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Abnormal Psychology

• DSM IV Uses five dimensions (Axes I-V) to
  describe a persons mental functioning
• Axis I Classification Categories
• Axis II Developmental aspects of disorder
• Axis III Physical Dysfunction/medical conditions
• Axis IV Current functioning level
• Axis V Level of adaptation (Social,
  Occupational, Leisure)