AP Psych DMA

1
AP Psych DMA

1. What do studies about daydreaming indicate about
   people who daydream?
2. Describe Pavlovs experiment with the dogs.
   Include the UCS and UCR.

Please turn in this weeks DMAs
2
Todays Agenda

• DMA
• Reminders
• Buy back info - quiz
• Review for Final Exam
• Chapters 7 8
• Homework
• Final Exam Friday, Feb. 3rd
• Quiz on chap. 5, 6,7 8 Monday, Jan. 30th
• Quiz on Chap 9, 10, 11 Prologue Wednesday,
  Feb. 1st

3
Make sure that you download yesterdays
PowerPoint file for the Chapter 6 info

• AP Psych calendar at www.wheelerswiki.pbworks.com

4
Quiz Buy-Back

• Due Monday at the beginning of class
• You will not have class time to work on it.
• Test questions, answers answer key on the front
  table
• For EACH question you missed write
• The question
• Explain why your answer is wrong
• The correct answer why that answer is correct

5
Chapter 7
6
Waking Consciousness

• Consciousness
• our awareness of ourselves and our environments

7
What is hypnosis?

• Discuss with a neighbor

8
Hypnosis

• Posthypnotic Amnesia
• supposed inability to recall what one experienced
  during hypnosis
• induced by the hypnotists suggestion
• easy to hypnotize people with rich fantasy
  lives.

9
Hypnosis

• Subjects were told to throw acid in a persons
  face.
• Hypnotized unhypnotized people can behave in
  the same way.

10
Explaining Hypnosis
11
Organize these drugs into the correct category

• Drug

• Category

• Marijuana
• Alcohol
• Heroin
• Cocaine
• Ecstasy
• Nicotine
• Meth

• Stimulant
• Depressant
• Hallucinogen

12
Psychoactive Drugs
13
Brain Waves and Sleep Stages

• Alpha Waves
• slow waves of a relaxed, awake brain
• Delta Waves
• large, slow waves of deep sleep
• Hallucinations
• false sensory experiences

14
That is circadian rhythm?

• Discuss with a neighbor

15
REM Sleep

• Nervous system is highly active
• Voluntary muscles hardly move

16
Sleep

• REM Rebound
• REM sleep increases following REM sleep
  deprivation
• Dreams
• Usually occur during REM sleep
• Sleep cycle
• Repeats itself every 90 minutes

17
Dreams Freud

• Sigmund Freud
• wish fulfillment
• discharge otherwise unacceptable feelings
• Violence, erotic wishes...
• Manifest Content
• remembered story line
• Latent Content
• underlying meaning

18
Chapter 8
19
With a neighbor

1. Who was Baby Albert?
2. Who were Watson and Rayner?
3. What is classical conditioning?
4. Brainstorm 3 examples of operant conditioning.

20
Define brainstorm examples of these termsWith
a neighbor.

• UCS
• UCR
• CS
• CR

21
Classical Conditioning

• Spontaneous Recovery
• reappearance, after a rest period, of an
  extinguished CR
• Generalization
• tendency for stimuli similar to CS to elicit
  similar responses
• What is extinction?

22
Lets create a cognitive map

• Turn to a neighbor and give them directions to
  your house.
• The visual image in your brain is your cognitive
  map

23
Compare/contrast intrinsic extrinsic motivation.

• Discuss with a neighbor

24
Operant Conditioning

• Operant Conditioning
• type of learning in which behavior is
  strengthened if followed by reinforcement or
  diminished if followed by punishment
• Law of Effect
• Thorndikes
• Behaviors followed by favorable consequences
  become more likely
• Behaviors followed by unfavorable consequences
  become less likely

25
Operant Conditioning

• Reinforcer
• any event that strengthens the behavior it
  follows
• Shaping
• operant conditioning procedure
• in which reinforcers guide behavior toward
  closer approximations of a desired goal

26
Principles of Reinforcement

• Primary Reinforcer
• satisfies a biological need
• Conditioned Reinforcer
• stimulus that gains its reinforcing power through
  its association with primary reinforcer
• secondary reinforcer

27
Operant Chamber

• Skinner Box
• chamber with a bar or key that an animal
  manipulates to obtain a food or water reinforcer
• contains devices to record responses

28
Schedules of Reinforcement

• Fixed Ratio (FR)
• reinforces a response only after a specified
  number of responses
• faster you respond the more rewards you get
• very high rate of responding

29
Schedules of Reinforcement

• Variable Ratio (VR)
• reinforces a response after an unpredictable
  number of responses
• average ratios
• like gambling, fishing
• very hard to extinguish because of
  unpredictability

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Schedules of Reinforcement

• Fixed Interval (FI)
• reinforces a response only after a specified time
  has elapsed
• response occurs more frequently as the
  anticipated time for reward draws near

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Observational Learning

• Observational Learning
• learning by observing others
• Modeling
• process of observing and imitating a specific
  behavior
• Prosocial Behavior
• positive, constructive, helpful behavior
• opposite of antisocial behavior

32
What was Banduras famous experiment?What were
his findings?

• Think about little kids beating up a Bobo doll.

33
What is punishment?

• Discuss with a neighbor

34
Review/study chapters 5, 6, 7 8

• You have a quiz on Monday