Understanding and Protecting Our Home Planet

1
State of the Program NASA Ocean Biology
Biogeochemistry
Paula Bontempi and Fred Lipschultz NASA
Headquarters Ocean Color Research Team Meeting 4
May 2009
2
NASA Current and Approved Oceans and Ice Missions
Beyond Aquarius (2010), there are no approved
NASA oceanographic satellite missions
NPOESS OPS
Directed
TOPEX/P.
JASON
OSTM
QuikSCAT
AQUA/MODIS
TERRA/MODIS
ICESAT
NPP
Competed
GRACE
AQUARIUS
Commercial
SeaWiFS
Today
Primary Mission
Approved Extended Mission
Conditionally Approved Extended Mission
3
NASA Current and Approved Oceans and Ice Missions
Beyond Aquarius (2010), there are no approved
NASA oceanographic satellite missions
NPOESS OPS
Directed
AQUA/MODIS
Mission Extension Review 5.2009
TERRA/MODIS
NPP
VIIRS ?
Competed
Commercial
SeaWiFS
Safehold during 2008
Today
Primary Mission
Approved Extended Mission
Conditionally Approved Extended Mission
4
(No Transcript)
5
Advance PlanEarths Living Ocean The Unseen
World

• NASA Ocean Biology and Biogeochemistry Program

Team from April 2005 Michael Behrenfeld, Heidi
Dierssen, Paul DiGiacomo, Steve Lohrenz, Chuck
McClain, Frank Muller-Karger, Dave Siegel, (Paula
Coble) May 2006-October 2006 Posted for Public
Comment Reviewers Tony Freeman, Norm Nelson,
Jim Yoder March 2007 Briefed to NRC OSB April
2007 Negotiations with NRC for review (OSB and
SSB) September 2007 Comments incorporated April
2008 Briefed to NRC SSB April 2008 Letter
drafted for NASA SMAC review December 2008 plan
to have joint SSB/OSB (NASA-NOAA) sponsored
review April 2009 Statement of Task for OSB,
SSB finalized (NASA, NOAA, NSF, ONR)
6
NASAs Ocean Biology and Biogeochemistry Research
Terra
Aqua
CZCS
NASA CVO IOPs, AOPs, Protocols, Instrumentation,
RRs
New Measurements/ DS Missions/Venture
Class/Suborbital
International Partnerships Unrestricted data
availability/use Sharing of in situ Cal/Val
data Ship time Models
Time Series, Vicarious Cal, Data Product Val,
Field Campaigns (HOT, BATS, BOUSSOLE, VT)
Ocean/Coastal Processes from Space MAP
NACP/OCCC/ IMBER/SOLAS OCB
C
Carbon Cycle, Ecosystems Research
7
U.S. Carbon Cycle Science Program
Activities/Challenges

• Climate Change Science Program (NACP and OCB)
  carbon cycle science evolution and progress
  report (Building Blocks activity)
• Carbon Cycle Science Working Group efforts in
  evolving U.S. Carbon Cycle Science Plan
• Synthesis activities progress mid-continent,
  coastal, site, non-CO2 greenhouse gas, plus
  future synthesis activity (synthesis of
  synthesis)
• High latitude priority (FY09-11)

8
Carbon Cycle Science Program Evolution

• Building Blocks
• Goals- continuing, emerging scientific and
  societal opportunities, challenges, questions
  (10-year) limited set of specific and/or nearer
  term goals (3-year)
• Enabling Contributions and Collaborations -
  Research, science, technology needs key
  activities within the community that support
  achieving goals requirements for
  coordination/collaboration w/other communities
  within/outside CCSP
• 3. Pathways and Options- evolution of existing
  program objectives, structure (suggested
  alternative program objectives, frameworks,
  configurations) role(s) of Principals, IWGs,
  agencies, coordination office resource
  considerations (new or reprogrammed resources)

9
Carbon Cycle Science Working Group

• July 2008 - CCSP Principals produce Building
  Block Tasking (revised Dec 2008)
• IWG responds by drafting charter for
  CCSWG/planning revisit of US CCS Plan
• Mission - to develop the next U.S. carbon cycle
  science plan
• Identify challenges and priorities for the next
  decade (2010-2020)
• Involve broader research community in formulation
  and implementation
• Recommendations go to agency managers who set
  carbon cycle science priorities for the next
  decade, and sponsor most of the carbon research
  in the U.S.
• Summer 2008 Charter approved by CCIWG, co-leads
  identified and enlisted Anna Michelak
  (University of Michigan), Chris Sabine
  (NOAA-PMEL), Rob Jackson (Duke University), Greg
  Marland (Oak Ridge National Laboratory)
• Fall 2008 - 23 total members invited/finalized
• 18-24 months or until the activity is completed
  additional meetings planned
• Comments/Updates http//www.carboncyclescience.go
  v/carbonplanning.php

10
Carbon Cycle Science Working Group

• Fundamental Science Questions
• 1999 U.S. Carbon Cycle Science Plan
• What has happened to the carbon dioxide that has
  already been emitted by human activities (past
  anthropogenic CO2)?
• What will be the future atmospheric CO2
  concentration trajectory resulting from both past
  and future emissions?
• Preliminary version for new Plan
• What processes and feedbacks control the dynamics
  of atmospheric CO2 and CH4?
• What are the impacts of the changing carbon cycle
  (and associated changes in climate) on
  ecosystems?
• How will carbon stocks and fluxes respond to
  policy and carbon management strategies?
• Comments / Updates http//www.carboncyclescience.
  gov/carbonplanning.php

11
The 7 South East Asian Studies
(7-SEAS)2010/1011
Malaysian Meteorology Service
Send comment to jeffrey.reid_at_nrlmry.navy.mil/ 1
[phone] http//www.nrlmry.navy.mil/aerosol/
http//www.nrlmry.navy.mil/flambe/
12
Rationale for Research in Southeast Asia The
aerosol-cloud observability problem
SE Asia has strong gradients in air pollution.
But, persistent cirrus, low level clouds coupled
with shallow water make SE Asia one of the most
difficult places on the planet to model or
utilize satellite data
What is the nature of air pollution and smoke on
broad environmental, meteorological, and climate
impacts? Very co-linear with ACE and GeoCAPE
aerosol objectives
13
Global Air Pollution Satellite Studies Little
SE ASIA involvement

• SE Asia has never had a large cal/val efforts of
  satellite measurements of atmospheric
  composition.
• SE Asia is an excellent location for developing
  aerosol and ocean retrieval methods such as are
  necessary for ACE and GEOCAPE

?
Major Composition Satellite Development or
Cal/Val Mission
14
Seven South East Asian Studies (7 SEAS)

• Original Goal Isolate the impacts of aerosol
  particles on weather and the environment
• In order to do this, we need input from seven
  research areas
• Tropical and subtropical meteorology including
  air-sea and land interaction
• Clouds and precipitation
• Radiative transfer
• Biomass burning and pollution
• Natural aerosol chemistry
• Satellite and model calibration/validation
• Seasonal forecasting and climate

Taiwan
Vietnam
Philippines
Thailand
Malaysia
Singapore
Indonesia
15
7 SEAS Do we need a bigger tent?

• Interacting with regional scientists revealed a
  need for an overarching aerosol mission.
• Many feedbacks between ocean, land and
  atmospheric processes.
• In some cases capacity building may need to come
  before science.

• New South East Asian Studies.
• Atmospheric chemistry (aerosol particles and gas)
• Radiation
• Clouds and precipitation
• Land processes and fire
• Oceanography (physical and biological)
• Observability and satellite/model calval
• Short term to climate prediction

16
Ocean Collaboration

• Some Key Research Issues
• Product validation
• Joint Ocean-Atmosphere retrievals
• Air Sea Fluxes
• Acid deposition/coastal acidification
• Activities
• Regional network of AERONET sites.
• Potential for Taiwanese R/V deployment in
  2010/2011.
• Ride along on UNOLS vessels of opportunity
  starting in late 2009.
• Small boat availability in coastal Philippines.

17
Lulin Station
Current AERONET and potential deployment sites
GAW
GAW
GAW
?
Current AERONET Supersite under development
Global Atmos. Watch (GAW) Possible sites
18
The 7 South East Asian Studies
(7-SEAS)2010/1011
Malaysian Meteorology Service
Send comment to jeffrey.reid_at_nrlmry.navy.mil/ 1
[phone] http//www.nrlmry.navy.mil/aerosol/
http//www.nrlmry.navy.mil/flambe/
19
NASA OBB Research

• NOPP 2009 (up to 2.5M/yr with NSF and ONR) on
  Sensors for Marine Ecosystems topic out December
  2008, 51 proposals received, decisions July/Aug
  2009
• ROSES 2009 - http//nspires.nasaprs.com/ -
  Release Date 13 February 2009, Amended 3 April
  2009
• Ocean Biology and Biogeochemistry and
  Cryospheric Sciences (3.0 M/yr) up to 4 yrs
• Beaufort and Chukchi Seas
• Field work Data Synthesis, Assimilation, and
  Modeling Productivity
• Interdisciplinary Science (five topics) up to 3
  yrs
• Landscapes to Coasts
• ROSES 2010?
• Ocean Biology and Biogeochemistry Synthesis
  Studies Field campaign concepts IPCC Decadal
  Survey
• EOS Recompete
• NPP Science Team
• Carbon Cycle Science ocean acidification (NRC
  study)
• Accelerating Operational Use of Research Data
  (with Tsdengdar Lee, HEC)

20
Challenges for NASA

• Global understanding of climate
• Role of ocean biology and chemistry (color) in
  climate and Earth system science
• Continuity of EOS observations / missions
• International data access/science team membership
• Timing of new observations given future desires
  for cap and trade
• Tie in with NSF, NOAA Climate Service
• Tie in with IGBP, US GEO, IPCC (via OCB?)