Earth Science

1
Earth Science

• Infinite Campus Update
• Universe Study Guide (15pts.)
• Universe Exam (66pts.)
• Ice on Mercury Article qts. (6 pts.)
• Plate Tectonic Map (5 pts.)
• Earth textbook qts. (5pts.)
• Enrichment Opportunities
• RTI or GSH
• ESS Thursday afterschool in library

2
Earth Science

• Objectives
• Seismic Activity Map Assignment
• Identify, compare, and model earths layers.
• Identify and examine historical evidence of plate
  tectonics.
• Identify, compare, and model plate boundaries.

3
Seismic Activity

• Daily Homework Plot the seismic activity
  (earthquakes) that occur each day from the
  following website
• http//www.iris.edu/dms/seismon.htm

4
Seismic Activity

• Longitude
• Lines that run vertical on a map.
• Meridian (semi-circle) lines that extend to each
  pole.
• Prime Meridian is the central line that divides
  the east from the west hemisphere. (Greenwich,
  England)
• Time zones are located near meridian lines.

5
Seismic Activity

• Latitude
• Lines that run horizontal on a map.
• Parallel lines that run parallel to the equator.
• The equator divides the north hemisphere from
  the south hemisphere.

6
Earth
Life123.com
7
Earth
What branch(es) of Earth Space studies the
composition and processes of Earth?
Life 123.com
8
Earths Layers
geo.rhul.ac.uk
9
Earths Layers
10
The Formation of Earths Four Layers

• Earth was created approximately 4.5 billion years
  ago.
• As the Earth began to cool some parts of it
  became dense and heavy.
• Crust is made of the lightest materials (rock-
  basalts and granites)
• Core consists of heavy metals (nickel and iron).
• Geologist have determined there are four layers.

11
Earths Layers
Crust- 5-40 kilometers thick
2,900 kilometers thick
(solid state)
2,250 kilometers thick
1,300 km thick
12
The Crust
13
The Crust

• Earths crust is very thin. (5 -40 km thick)
• Temperature range 98F (air temp.) - 1600 F)

• Crust Types Continental and Oceanic
• Continental crust Composed of granite rock.
• Oceanic crust Composed basalt rock (volcanic
  rock).
• Basalt rock is denser than granite rock.
• The crust is broken into pieces called plates.
  

geology.about.com
geology.com
14
The Mantle
15
The Mantle

• Layer located under the crust.
• Largest layer of the Earths crust, 2900km thick.
  
• Temperature range 1600 F at top 4,000 F at
  bottom
• Composed of hot dense rock that circulates
  throughout this layer due to a large temperature
  range.
• Convection currents Currents that cause the rock
  movement in the mantle. Currents are produced by
  the changes in temperature throughout the mantle.
  
• !

16
Convection Currents
What else does convection currents move?
17
Convection Current ConnectionLava Lamps

• Sketch a lava lamp.
• Draw a convection current in your lava lamp
  showing the temperature changes that occur in the
  lamp.
• Illustrate temperature differences with colored
  pencils.

18
The Core

• A ball of very hot metals.
• Temperature Range 4,000 F 9,000F

19
Outer Core

• 1,800 miles below the crust.
• 2,250 km thick
• Metals are in the liquid state.

2,250km
20
Inner Core

• 4,000 miles below the earths surface.
• 1300 km thick.
• Metals are in solid state.

21
Inner Core
22
Bell Ringer Modeling Earths Layers

• Using the thickness of each layer and the diagram
  to the right determine the distance each layer is
  from the surface of the Earth.
• core
• mantle
• outer core
• inner core

(5-40 km thick)
(2,900 km)
(2,250 km)
(1,300 km)
23
Bell Ringer Modeling Earths Layers

• Identify the four layers of the Earth and include
  the thickness of each layer in kilometers (km).
• Using the thickness of each layer and the diagram
  to the right determine the distance each layer is
  from the surface of the Earth.

(5-40 km thick)
(2,900 km)
(2,250 km)
(1,300 km)
24
A SCALE MODEL

• Now its your turn to create your own scale model
  of Earths layers. Accuracy, neatness, and
  creativity will be taken into account when
  grading your model.

25
The Crust

• The crust is apart of the Lithosphere.

• The crust is broken up into pieces called plates.
  

26
Modeling Earths Layers Lab