Review of Layers of the Atmosphere

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Review of Layers of the Atmosphere

• http//studyjams.scholastic.com/studyjams/jams/sci
  ence/weather-and-climate/earths-atmosphere.htm

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Heat Transfer

• Heat transfer is the movement of thermal energy
  from a warmer item to a cooler item.
• Remember, heat moves in predictable ways, from a
  high to a low.

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If I open the front door, does the heat go OUT or
does the cold come IN?
The thermal energy goes from HOT areas to COLD.
The heat goes OUT
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Heating of the Earth
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• The Sun provides most of Earths energy.

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• The Suns energy can be
• Reflected back into space by clouds, particles,
  or Earths surface
• Absorbed by the atmosphere
• Absorbed by the surface- land and water

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• This heat energy causes wind and ocean currents.

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Three types of heat transfer

• Conduction
• Convection
• Radiation

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Conduction

• Conduction is heat transfer through solids.
• The transfer of heat between substances that are
  in direct contact.

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• Examples
• Your feet transfer (conduct) heat to a cold tile
  floor
• A spoon placed in hot soup becomes warmer as the
  spoon conducts heat away from the hot soup

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Conduction examples
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• Conductors are materials that allow heat to pass
  through easily.
• Ex. Metals are the best conductors of heat,
  whereas air is the worst conductor of heat.
• Which one(s) are good conductors?

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• Insulators are materials that do not allow heat
  to pass through easily
• Examples glass, ceramics and rubber

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• Which spoon is a conductor? Which spoon is an
  insulator?
• Which spoon would you choose to stir with and why?

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• Convection transfer of heat from one place to
  another through circulation of material.
• Example, heat flowing through air or water

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In the ocean, warm currents move heat from the
equator to higher latitudes through convection
currents.
More direct light at the equator warmer ocean
temperatures at the equator
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• Convection occurs in fluids
• A fluid is defined as a liquid or gas because
  fluids have the ability to flow from one place to
  another
• Solids, however, maintain their position

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Convection within the Earth
Divergent Boundary Mid Ocean Ridge
Convergent Boundary Trench
Material in the mantle is heated by the outer
core and it rises, pushing apart the plates of
the crust
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• How do you feel the Suns heat even when you
  arent in direct contact with it?

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• Radiation transfer of heat from one place to
  another in the form of rays or waves.
• Examples heat from the sun, microwave

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• Heat can travel in waves without a medium (a
  liquid, solid, or gas).
• Radiation is the term that describes heat
  movement without a medium of matter.

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Review

• Conduction
• Convection
• Radiation

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Convection
Conduction
Conduction
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Radiation
Convection
Radiation
Conduction
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• Can you explain why you feel warm when you are
  standing away from a campfire?
• Radiation
• Why does a carpeted floor feel warmer to bare
  feet than tile even though both surfaces are the
  same temperature?
• Better conductor

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• What information would you need in order to
  predict whether heat transfer would occur when
  two objects or materials interact?
• Are they the same temperature? If no, then heat
  will flow from the hotter object to the colder
  one.
• Is it an insulating material or a conducting
  material? If it is insulating, there will be
  little or no heat transfer.

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Name each type of heat transfer
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Review Videos

• http//www.wisc-online.com/objects/heattransfer/
• (with audio)
• http//vitalnj.pbslearningmedia.org/asset/lsps07_i
  nt_heattransfer/
• PBS heat transfer tutorial

http//www.youtube.com/watch?vwr8Z4SCETPs Heat
transfer song, by Mr. Parr