Guided Notes

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Guided Notes Ancient Rome

• The building of an empire

200 years a Kingdom-500 years a republic 500
years an empire
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Alexander the Great

• King of Macedonia died in 323 B.C.
• His general split the empire into 3 parts
  Macedonia, Egypt and Persia
• Power shifted from Greece on the Balkan Peninsula
  to Rome on the Italian Peninsula
• The Hellenistic period brought Rome into
  importance

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Peoples of Italy

• The Latin's or Romans migrated from over the
  Alps into Italy in about 800 B.C. - they were
  herders and farmers
• People settled near the Tiber River
• An area of 7 hills for defense and nice place to
  live
• Near water but not on the coast
• Rome 18 miles from the sea

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Rome Forms a Republic
After removing the Etruscan kings, Rome vowed to
never have a king again A republic gave citizens
the right to vote for their leaders
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How did GEOGRAPHY help and hurt the founding of
the Roman Republic?

• ADVANTAGES
• Protected by mountains
• Apennine Mountains are not hard to travel through
  for travel
• Peninsula great for trade

• DISADVANTAGES
• Separated from the rest of Europe by Alps
• Open for enemy attacks due to coastline and
  Apennine Mountains

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Roman Class system

• Patricians were the wealthy aristocrats
• Plebeians were the merchants and farmers
• Slaves were popular but not considered citizens

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How did GEOGRAPHY help and hurt the founding of
the Roman Republic?

• ADVANTAGES
• Protected by mountains
• Apennine Mountains are not hard to travel through
  for travel
• Peninsula great for trade

• DISADVANTAGES
• Separated from the rest of Europe by Alps
• Open for enemy attacks due to coastline and
  Apennine Mountains

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Roman Republic

• The Romans used the three best governments they
  knew
• monarchy
• aristocracy
• Democracy

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Roman Republic

• CONSULS
• Monarchy
• 2 consuls who served one year terms and could
  veto each others decisions
• DUTIES command army, ran government, appoint
  dictator in times of emergency
• Limits could only serve 1 year terms

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Senate

• SENATE
• Aristocracy
• 330 member Senate (eventually spread to Plebs)
• DUTIES controlled budget, proposed and passed
  laws
• LIMITS could not control army
• CENSORS
• Took census upheld laws (courts)
• PRAETORS
• Made laws served as military commanders

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Tribunes (the plebs get power!)

• ASSEMBLIES
• Democracy
• TRIBUNES(35 tribes elected 10 officials) came
  from all over the Republic to represent the plebs
  VOICE
• DUTIES could veto Senates laws
• LIMITS could not propose laws

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Romans in the Forum
The Forum was a place in the center of town where
the temple and government buildings were
located. 12 tables posted
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Timeline

• 509 BCE Roman Republic founded
• 450 BCE 12 tables adopted
• 367 BCE Plebeians are allowed as consuls
• 264 BCE Rome controls all of the Italian
• Peninsula
• 265-146 BCE Romans conquer the Mediterranean
• Area
• 120 BCE 44BCE Breakdown of the Republic
• 44 BCE Julius Caesar rules
• 27 BCE Octavian Caesar becomes emperor of the
  Roman
• Empire