Notes

1
Notes

• Matter combines to form different substances.
• Matter can be pure or mixed.
• Pure only one kind of component
• Mixed Two or more substances together
• The difference between pure and mixed is
  sometimes only noticeable at the atomic level

2
Notes

• Elements- pure
• A substance that contains only one type of atom
• Compounds- mixed
• A substance that contains two or more types of
  atoms bonded together
• Mixed on the atomic level, but pure if only one
  type of molecule.
• Mixtures- mixed
• A combination of different substances in which
  each substance keeps its own identity
• Homogeneous Same throughout.
• Heterogeneous Different throughout.

3
Notes

• Comparing mixtures and compounds
• Substances in mixtures remain the same substances
• Compounds are new substances
• Mixtures can be separated by physical means
• Compound bonds must be broken
• Compounds have a uniform consistency throughout.

4

• Pop Quiz
• Define the word element
• Define the word compound.
• Define the word mixture
• Define the prefix Hetero-.
• Define the prefix Homo-.
• Explain how to tell the difference between a
  compound and a mixture.

5
Notes

• Matter exists in different physical states.
• Particle arrangement and motion determine the
  state of matter.
• States of matter different forms in which
  matter can exist.
• The substance does not change, the arrangement of
  the particles changes.

6
Notes

• Solid, liquid and gas are common states of
  matter.
• Solid Fixed volume and shape.
• Close patterned arrangement
• Liquid Fixed volume not shape.
• Close unfixed arrangement
• Extra space from solid that allows fluidity
• Gas No fixed volume or shape.
• Lots of space disorganized arrangement
• Can move easily in any direction

7
Notes

• Solids have a definite volume and shape.
• Shape stays the same and volume can be measured.
• Molecules have fixed positions.
• Cannot move from one part of the solid to
  another.
• Particles are sometimes arranged in patterns and
  sometimes not.

8
Notes

• Liquids have a definite volume but no definite
  shape.
• Volume can be measured.
• Shape depends on the container.
• Molecules move freely.
• Can move from one part of the liquid to another.

9
Notes

• Gases have no definite volume or shape.
• Volume changes to the volume of the container.
• Gas composition.
• Molecules are far apart, but the space can be
  reduced.
• The smaller the container the less space.

10
Notes

• Gas behavior.
• Higher pressure lower volume at consistent
  temperature.
• Higher temperature higher pressure at
  consistent volume.
• Higher temperature higher volume at consistent
  pressure.