Safety for Health Science Students

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Safety forHealth ScienceStudents
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Classroom Rules

• No running, climbing, or throwing.
• Keep bags and purses on shelf or under desk.
• Keep your hands to yourself.
• Respect yourself and others.

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Lab Rules

• Students may not
• be in lab without teacher
• be in storage areas without permission
• sit or lay on beds
• use equipment without permission

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Clinical Rules

• Students must at all times
• stay within assigned unit
• follow facility policy
• dress appropriately
• act in a respectful, courteous manner
• be ready to leave at the proper time
• work within your scope of practice
• doing what you are qualified to do
• maintain confidentiality

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Classroom Safety

• You should notify the teacher at once if
• you note water in the floor. Do not leave the
  spill.
• you note an electrical cord is damaged. Do not
  use cord.
• Receive a major or minor injury.

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Body Mechanics

• Body alignment is the way in which the body moves
  and maintains balance while making the most
  efficient use of all its parts
• It is critical for the health and safety of both
  the health care worker and patient

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Key Reasons

• Muscles work best when used correctly
• Correct use makes lifting, pulling and pushing
  easier
• Correct use prevents unnecessary fatigue and
  strain saves energy.
• Correct use prevents unnecessary
  fatigue and strain saves energy.

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Proper Body Alignment

• The head, trunk, arms, and legs are aligned with
  one another.
• The feet are separated 10 - 12 inches to provide
  a broad base of support.
• The muscles of the shoulders, upper arms, hips,
  and thighs are used to lift and
  move patients and heavy objects

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Basic Rules

• 1. Use a broad base of support.
• 2. Push or pull using the weight of your body.
• 3. Dont bend for long periods of time.
• 4. Use the strongest muscles to do the job.
• 5. Bend your knees and squat to lift heavy
  objects.
• 6. Carry objects close to the body.
• Dont twist and lift.
• Get help if the load is too heavy

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Ergonomics

• The science of designing a job to fit the worker
  to eliminate serious injuries related to
• Force
• Repeating action
• Awkward positions

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Ergonomics in Action

• Keep objects in front of you or to your side.
  Dont turn repetitively.
• If objects or heavy get help.

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Fire

• Elements of fire
• oxygen
• heat (a spark or flame)
• fuel
• One of these must be eliminated to extinguish a
  fire.
• Fire prevention
• storage of flammable materials
• maintenance of electrical equipment
• non smoking facility

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In Case of a Fire

• Know where extinguishers and emergency exits are
• Remember R A C E
• R rescue
• A alarm
• C confine
• E extinguish

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Fire Extinguishers

• Four types
• A wood, paper, cloth
• B grease, oil
• C electrical
• Combo all purpose
• All fire extinguishers must be serviced yearly by
  a professional and checked monthly by the safety
  team

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Using a Fire Extinguisher

• Remember the acronym P A S S
• P -- pull the pin
• A -- aim the nozzle
• S -- squeeze the trigger
• S sweep from side to side

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OSHAOccupational Safety Health Administration

• Requires that
• All substances must be labeled
• Labels must identify
• physical health hazards
• precaution measures
• PPE (Personal Protective Equipment)
• directions for using substance safely
• storage and disposal information
• labels MAY NOT be removed

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Hazardous Materials

• A hazardous material is any substance that
  presents a physical or health hazard.
• OSHA requires that employees understand the risks
  and know how to handle hazardous substances.
• Physical hazards can cause fire or explosions.
• Health hazards can cause be acute (short) or
  chronic (long) term.

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MSDS

• Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) provide
  detailed information about
• Product company identification
• Ingredient information
• Hazard identification
• First aid measures
• Fire fighting measures
• Accidental release measures
• Handling storage
• Exposure controls/ PPE
• Stability reactivity

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MSDS

• Employees (students) must know the location of
  the MSDS and how to use them
• The MSDS book in my classroom is.

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Microorganisms

• A microorganism (microbe) is a small living plant
  or animal that can only be seen with a
  microscope.
• Microbes are everywhere.
• There are two classification
• Non-pathogens do not usually cause infections
  and help to maintain body processes
• Pathogens cause infection and disease

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Classes of Microorganisms

• Bacteria
• Protozoa
• Fungi
• Rickettsiae
• Viruses

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Modes of Transmission

• Microbes may be transmitted by
• Airborne Transmission
• Bloodborne Transmission
• Vectorborne Transmission
• Sexual Transmission
• Foodborne Transmission
• Casual Contact

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Rules of Hand Hygiene

• Wash your hands with soap water when they are
  visibly dirty or soiled
• After using the restroom
• After contact with blood, body fluids,
  secretions, or excretions
• After coughing, sneezing, or blowing your nose
• Before and after handling, preparing,
  or eating food

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Isolation Precautions

• Wear Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
• Gowns
• Masks
• Eyewear
• Special measures are used for
• removing linens, trash, and equipment from the
  room
• collecting and transporting specimens
• transporting persons

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Supplies and Equipment

• Most equipment is disposable, however, non
• disposable items must be cleaned and then
• disinfected.
• Disinfection - process of destroying pathogens.
• Germicides - disinfectants applied to skin,
  tissues, and non-living objects.
• Chemical disinfectants - used to clean surfaces
  and reusable items.
• Sterilization destroys all non-pathogens and
  pathogens, including spores