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Mendel

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Mendel s Laws What we already know Inheritable factors or genes are responsible for all heritable characteristics Phenotype is based on Genotype Each trait ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Mendel


1
Mendels Laws
2
What we already know
  • Inheritable factors or genes are responsible
    for all heritable characteristics
  • Phenotype is based on Genotype
  • Each trait is based on two genes, one from the
    mother and the other from the father
  • True-breeding individuals are homozygous (both
    alleles are the same)

3
Mendels Laws Unit Factors
  • The appearance of each plant was determined by
    two inheritance factors
  • Each organism has two alleles for each trait

4
Mendels Laws Rule of Dominance
  • Inheritance factors can be either dominant or
    recessive
  • Observed traits are dominant, traits that
    disappear are recessive
  • Homozygous Dominant (TT) two dominant alleles,
    shows dominant trait
  • Homozygous Recessive (tt) two recessive alleles,
    shows recessive trait
  • Heterozygous (Tt) has one dominant allele and
    one recessive allele, shows dominant trait

5
Mendels Laws Law of Segregation
  • Inheritance factors separate randomly when sex
    cells are formed
  • This means each parent can only pass on ONE copy
    of their two genes to each offspring
  • This is RANDOM, like the flip of a coin

6
Mendels Laws Law of Independent Assortment
  • Inheritance factors for different traits are
    passed from parents to their offspring
    independently of one another
  • Genes for different traits are inherited
    independently of each other
  • Genes for different traits are often on different
    chromosomes, which separate according to the law
    of segregation when gametes are formed
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