Title: Introducing CAVASS
1IntroducingCAVASS
- George Greveraa,b, Jayaram Udupab, Dewey Odhnerb,
Ying Zhugeb, Andre Souzab, Tad Iwanagab, and
Shipra Mishrab - aDepartment of Mathematics and Computer Science,
Saint Josephs University, 5600 City Avenue,
Philadelphia, PA 19131 - bMedical Image Processing Group (MIPG),
Department of Radiology, University of
Pennsylvania, 423 Guardian Drive, 4th Floor
Blockley Hall, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6021
2What is CAVASS?
- A CAVA Software System
- What is CAVA?
- Computer Assisted Visualization and Analysis
- So CAVASS is a Computer Assisted Visualization
and Analysis Software System
33D CAVA Software Systems (MIPG)
- DISPLAY mini computer frame buffer 1980
- DISPLAY82 mini computer frame buffer 1982
- 3D83 GE CT/T 8800 1983
- 3D98 GE CT/T 9800 1986
- 3DPC PC-based 1989
- 3DVIEWNIX Unix, X-Windows 1993
- CAVASS platform independent, wxWidgets 2007
4What is CAVASS?
- Next generation of 3DVIEWNIX.
- development started in 1987
- released in 1993
- development dates back to the 70s
- free
- runs on Unix and subsequently Linux
- 60 person years of effort
- distributed to 100s of sites
- basis for over 15 specialized packages/apps
- Why CAVASS?
5Significant, more recent developments
- PC platform matures.
- price spirals downward
- performance increases dramatically
- supplant Unix as the scientific workstation of
choice - Network bandwidth greatly increases.
- Useable parallel processing standards are defined
and become freely available. - Toolkits such as VTK and ITK become freely
available. - GUI concept matures and platform independent
libraries are developed.
6CAVASS features
- Image processing
- for enhancing information about and defining an
object system - Visualization
- for viewing and comprehending an object system
- Manipulation
- for altering an object system (virtual surgery)
- Analysis
- for quantifying information about an object
system - Especially for large, multidimensional (at least
3D), possibly multimodality, data sets.
7CAVA User Groups
- UG1 CAVA basic researchers/technology
developers - UG2 CAVA application developers
- UG3 Users of CAVA methods in clinical research
- CAVASS is not aimed at
- UG4 Clinical end users in patient care
8Key CAVASS features
- Built upon our experience with 3DVIEWNIX.
- Leverages the existing 3DVIEWNIX software base
and user interface. - Port to Windows and Mac OS with continued support
for Unix and Linux. - Implement parallel algorithms for time consuming
operations. - Support for stereo rendering.
- Interface to ITK.
9Focus of the talk
- Overview of CAVASS software
- Other CAVASS related papers in Visualization
Conference - 6509-66 Image Processing Aspects
- 6509-03 in Visualization Conference
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11An example of the CAVASS DICOM header explorer
12DICOM Support
- Dont reinvent the wheel for DICOM
networking/image query and retrieve capability - Integrate with commonly available DICOM
networking software - SimpleDICOM receiver
- from the University of Pittsburg Department of
Radiology - Windows platform only
- Conquest DICOM server
- Windows and Linux with source code
- eFilm workstation package
- includes a DICOM server (version 1.5.3 was the
last free version) - DCMTK
- freely available for Linux, Unix, and Windows
with source code
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15Visualization and CAVASS
- All of the most popular modes of visualization
are incorporated into CAVASS. - various 2D slice modes
- reslicing
- MIP
- surface rendering
- volume rendering
- animation
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17An example of overlaid slice display in CAVASS on
the Windows operating system.
18Another example of overlaid slice display in
CAVASS.
193D rendering in CAVASS
- Surface rendering
- utilizes digital shell and triangulated shell
(t-shell) rendering algorithms - operates 6 to 30 times faster entirely in
software than hardware-based rendering - implemented only in sequential and not parallel
mode (because of their existing high speed)
203D rendering in CAVASS
- Volume rendering
- based on shell rendering
- implemented in parallel mode
- compared to the implementation in VTK
- CAVASS operates at least as fast as VTK and often
achieves superior performance by a factor of 1.5
to 5
21Examples of triangulated shell (t-shell)
rendering in CAVASS on the Windows operating
system.
22Head mounted display employed by CAVASS for
stereo viewing.
23Portable graphics user interface
- Considered Qt, wxWidgets (formerly wxWindows),
and FLTK. - Qt proprietary, closed, fees
- FLTK free but doesnt maintain native
look-and-feel - wxWidgets
- one C API for all OSs
- maintains native look-and-feel
- free, open source, multiplatform
- portable support for threads, copy-paste,
drag-and-drop, print, etc.
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26Experimental results
27Description of datasets of varying sizes used in
the comparisons.
28Surface rendering timing comparison for CAVASS
shell rendering (sequential implementation with
and without antialiasing) and surface rendering
as implemented in VTK.
29Volume rendering timing comparison for sequential
and parallel implementations of CAVASS volume
rendering, VTK ray casting, and VTK 2D texture
mapped volume rendering.
30Time required for interpolation from anisotropic
to isotropic data for various dataset sizes and
CAVASS and ITK implementations.
Multithreaded ITK employed a dual processor
system and parallel CAVASS employed two single
processor systems to afford a similar comparison.
31Parallelism
- Considered
- MPI/OpenMPI
- Message Passing Interface
- OpenMP
- Open specifications for Multi Processing
32Parallelism
- MPI
- free (for both Windows, Linux, and Unix)
- part of base Linux install
- COW (cluster of workstations model)
- leverages existing hardware/computers
- optional, inexpensive network upgrade
- easily expandable
- OpenMP
- requires purchase of specialized compilers
- multi-threaded, shared memory parallelism model
- requires purchase of expensive multiprocessor
systems
33Parallelism recommendation
YOU ALREADY
34Thanks for your attention!
- Information about CAVASS is available from
www.mipg.upenn.edu/cavass. - Release date July/August 2007.
- The authors gratefully acknowledge NIH grant
number R01-EB004395-01 for support of this work.
35Other CAVASS related presentations
- In Visualization Conference
- 6509-66 Image Processing Aspects
- 6509-03 Visualization Aspects
- See www.mipg.upenn.edu/cavass