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Exploring the Poultry Industry

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Exploring the Poultry Industry Lesson 6 Turkey Breeds Broad-Breasted Large White most popular breed developed from crosses males have black beards all have white feet ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Exploring the Poultry Industry


1
Exploring the Poultry Industry
  • Lesson 6

2
Next Generation Science/Common Core Standards
Addressed!
  • HS-LS2-1. Use mathematical and/or computational
    representations to support explanations of
    factors that affect carrying capacity of
    ecosystems at different scales. Clarification
    Statement Emphasis is on quantitative analysis
    and comparison of the relationships among
    interdependent factors including boundaries,
    resources, climate and competition. Examples of
    mathematical comparisons could include graphs,
    charts, histograms, and population changes
    gathered from simulations or historical data
    sets. Assessment Boundary Assessment does not
    include deriving mathematical equations to make
    comparisons. HS-LS2-2. Use mathematical
    representations to support and revise
    explanations based on evidence about factors
    affecting biodiversity and populations in
    ecosystems of different scales. Clarification
    Statement Examples of mathematical
    representations include finding the average,
    determining trends, and using graphical
    comparisons of multiple sets of data.
    Assessment Boundary
  • Assessment is limited to provided data.

3
Work
  • Describe the various types components of the
    poultry industry.
  • Identify the difference between the broiler and
    egg laying industry and the breeds used.
  • Explain production systems and marketing of
    poultry.
  • List and describe breeds of poultry.

4
Terms
  • Bantams
  • Broilers
  • Chick
  • Cockerels
  • Drake
  • Duckling
  • Free Range
  • Gander
  • Goose
  • Gosling
  • Hens
  • Layers
  • Poult
  • Poultry
  • Pullet Producers
  • Pullets
  • Roosters
  • Tom

5
Interest Approach
  • Display eggs on a safe surface to show the
    different colors, grades, and weight classes.
    Start a discussion asking students to think of
    reasons that the eggs may be different.

6
What is poultry?
  • Poultry
  • group name for all domesticated birds used for
    meat, eggs, and feathers
  • referred to as fowl

7
What is the difference between poultry and other
animals?
  • Digestive System
  • has a gizzard instead of teeth
  • Reproductive System
  • egg laying after mating for fertile eggs
  • Egg laying of infertile eggs on a regular basis
  • artificial insemination is needed because some
    birds are unable to mate naturally because of
    their mass of flesh
  • one body opening for removal of liquid and solid
    waste
  • Externally poultry have feathers rather than
    hair or fur.
  • Ability to fly
  • Two legs rather than four
  • Lay eggs rather than give live birth
  • Extremely rapid growth rate

8
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9
The poultry industry can really be divided into
two separate divisions- meat production egg
production.
  • Broiler Meat production
  • Extremely rapid growing, heavy muscle birds are
    utilized for meat production. This is basically
    the opposite of the egg producing birds.
  • The emphasis here is not on egg production but
    growth rate and meat production.
  • Layer Egg Production
  • Smaller, lighter muscled breeds of birds are
    utilized in egg production.
  • Energy is devoted to producing eggs rather than
    muscle. Egg production is located in different
    areas in our country than meat production. Hens
    are usually kept for one production cycle and
    then replaced with new young birds.

10
External Parts of Poultry
11
External Parts of Poultry
12
External Parts of Poultry
13
Identify poultry terminology.
  • Objective 2

14
What are terms associated with poultry?
  • Chickens
  • Layers
  • chickens that are used to produce large
    quantities of eggs
  • generally the White Leghorn breed is used for
    laying hens
  • The top egg producing states are in order
  • Iowa
  • Ohio
  • Indiana
  • Pennsylvania
  • California
  • Texas
  • Michigan
  • Minnesota
  • Nebraska
  • Georgia
  • The top five states produce 50 of the eggs in
    the US!

15
Poultry Terms Cont.
  • Layers cont.
  • Monthly US production nearly 7 billion eggs
  • Average number of laying hens in the US is 292
    million
  • Annual egg production is valued at 7 billion

16
Poultry Terms Cont.
  • Broilers- young meat producing birds that reach
    an average market weight of 4lbs. At 6-7 weeks of
    age.
  • Million pounds consumed ready-to-cook basis
    1950 - 1,381
  • Million pounds consumed ready-to-cook basis
    2013 - 38,387
  • Average annual US production is nearly 37
    billion lbs. valued a 21.5 billion dollars.

17
What are terms associated with poultry?
  • Chickens
  • Roosters
  • mature males
  • Pullets
  • young female chickens
  • Hens
  • mature females
  • Bantams
  • miniature chickens
  • Turkeys
  • Hens
  • mature females
  • Tom
  • adult male
  • gobbler
  • Poult
  • young turkey of either sex

18
What are terms associated with poultry?
  • Ducks
  • have down that grows under feathers
  • Hens
  • mature female
  • Drake
  • mature male
  • Duckling
  • young duck of both sexes
  • Geese
  • Goose
  • female at maturity
  • Gander
  • male at maturity
  • Goslings
  • young geese

19
Explain production systems and marketing of
poultry.
  • Objective 3

20
What are ways to market and produce poultry?
  • Consumption of red meat has declined recently,
    the consumption of poultry meat has increased.
  • Chickens are the main form of consumed poultry.
  • Turkeys sell better near holidays.
  • Eggs consumption is fairly constant with a peak
    around fall holidays.

21
Areas of Chicken Production
  • Broiler Production
  • producing as much meat as quickly as possible for
    maximum profit
  • large facilities for 6 to 7 weeks before
    marketing
  • nutrition environment major consideration
  • 99 are grown under contract between farmer
    processor
  • other outlets include live broilers at auctions,
    to dealers, or processing plants

22
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23
Egg Production
  • Produce high quality eggs for consumption.
  • Provide ideal environment for the hens.
  • Proper housing and nutrition is needed.
  • Keep all eggs clean and prevent from breaking is
    another factor.
  • Marketing eggs is under contract similar to
    broilers.
  • Other options for eggs include local buyers or
    through cooperatives.
  • Hundreds of thousands of eggs are used daily in
    commercial food preparation.

24
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25
Pullet Producers
  • Production systems that raise hens for laying
    purposes.
  • Raise day-old female chicks into replacement
    hens.
  • Raise until they are 20 weeks old.
  • Delivered to laying farm to begin egg production
    at 24 weeks of age.
  • Marketing is done between pullet producer and the
    egg producer.

26
Free Range Egg Production!
27
Free Range Production
  • Free range production is actually turning back
    the clock to traditional production methods prior
    to the advent of the commercial methods
    utilized in the poultry industry today.
  • Small scale/small investment, backyard production
    has helped spur interest in free range production
    techniques.
  • Animal rights groups are also advocating for a
    return to the free range production methods.

28
Free Range Broiler Production
29
Production Comparison
  • Free Range
  • Smaller investment
  • Claims of higher quality
  • Often suited for niche
  • markets
  • Labor intensive
  • May require addition feed
  • Lower production levels for eggs/slower growing
    broilers
  • Standard Commercial
  • Large initial investment
  • Less labor required
  • High production levels of eggs and broilers
  • Lower feed consumption
  • Lower death loss

30
List and describe kinds and breeds of poultry.
  • Objective 4

31
Chickens
Andalusian
  • 4 classes of chickens
  • Mediterranean
  • American
  • English
  • Asiatic
  • Identification Characteristics
  • color of eggs, skin, eyes, earlobes, and plumage

Australorp
32
Brahma
Barred Plymouth Rock
Single-Comb White Leghorn
Cornish Game
33
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34
Turkey Breeds
  • Broad-Breasted Large White
  • most popular breed
  • developed from crosses
  • males have black beards
  • all have white feet, beaks, shanks
  • all commercial turkeys are bred using AI because
    their breast is so large that it makes natural
    service impossible

35
Ducks
  • Breeds used for meat
  • Call -Aylesbury
  • Swedish -Muscovy
  • Rouen -Cayuga
  • White Pekin
  • Breeds used for eggs
  • Khaki Campbells
  • Indian Runners
  • White Pekin
  • most commonly used
  • originated in China
  • Weigh 8 pounds
  • white feathered with yellowish skin
  • nervous birds
  • white0tinted eggs

36
Khaki Campbell
Pekin
37
Geese
Embden
  • Used for meat, eggs, feathers, down and weeding
    crops
  • Most common breeds
  • Toulouse
  • Embden
  • Chinese
  • Pilgrim
  • African

38
Review
  • What is poultry?
  • What are terms associated with poultry?
  • What are ways to market and produce poultry?
  • What are different kinds and breeds of poultry?

39
The End!
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