Splash Screen

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Splash Screen
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Chapter Menu
Chapter Introduction Section 1 Social
Reform Section 2 The Abolitionists Section
3 The Womens Movement Visual Summary
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Chapter Intro
Social Reform Essential Question How did
religion influence the social reforms in the
United States during the early and mid-1800s?
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Chapter Intro
The Abolitionists Essential Question How did
abolitionists influence the antislavery movement?
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Chapter Intro
The Womens Movement Essential Question What
were the effects of the womens rights movement
of the middle to late 1800s?
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Chapter Time Line
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Chapter Time Line
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Chapter Preview-End
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Section 1-Essential Question
How did religion influence the social reforms in
the United States during the early and mid-1800s?
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Section 1-Key Terms
Reading Guide
Content Vocabulary

• revival
• utopia
• temperance

• normal school
• transcendentalist
• civil disobedience

Academic Vocabulary

• lecture
• author

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Section 1-Key Terms
Reading Guide (cont.)
Key People and Events

• Second Great Awakening
• temperance movement

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Section 1-Polling Question
What is the most important way to help improve a
society? A. Education reform B. Banning
alcohol C. Womens rights D. Helping the poor
and disabled

1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D

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Section 1
Religion and Reform
The Second Great Awakening influenced social and
educational reforms.
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Section 1
Religion and Reform (cont.)

• A wave of religious fervor known as the Second
  Great Awakening swept through the United States
  in the early 1800s.

• People traveled great distances to hear preachers
  speak and to pray together at religious meetings
  called revivals.
• This new religious spirit inspired people to
  create communities called utopias.

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Section 1
Religion and Reform (cont.)

• The temperance movement was started by people who
  wanted to ban alcohol in an effort to improve the
  world.

• They promoted their ideas of temperance through
  lectures, pamphlets, and rallies.

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Section 1
Religion and Reform (cont.)

• Reformers also wanted to improve education.

• Horace Mann developed state-supported normal
  schools.
• The education of those with disabilities was also
  a consideration.

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Section 1
Why did most utopias fail? A. It was too hard to
implement the temperance movement. B. Many
teachers lacked proper training. C. They did
not take the needs of the disabled into
consideration. D. They were founded on
impractical ideas.

1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D

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Section 1
Cultural Trends
A distinct type of American literature emerged in
the 1820s.
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Section 1
Cultural Trends (cont.)

• Transcendentalists were a group of thinkers and
  writers who stressed the relationship between
  humans and nature and the importance of the
  individual conscience.

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Section 1
Cultural Trends (cont.)

• Leading transcendentalists included

• Ralph Waldo Emerson
• Henry David Thoreau
• Margaret Fuller

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Section 1
Cultural Trends (cont.)

• Civil disobedience was practiced by
  transcendentalists when they considered laws to
  be unjust.

• Women, such as Harriet Beecher Stowe, rose to
  prominence as authors of the most popular
  fiction.

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Section 1
Which of the following was a major subject of
transcendentalist literature? A. Realism B. The
relationship between humans and nature and
the importance of the individual
conscience C. Anti-abolitionism D. The
relationship between humans and technology and
the importance of industrialism

1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D

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Section 1-End
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Section 2-Essential Question
How did abolitionists influence the antislavery
movement?
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Section 2-Key Terms
Reading Guide
Content Vocabulary

• abolitionist
• Underground Railroad

Academic Vocabulary

• route
• medical

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Section 2-Key Terms
Reading Guide (cont.)
Key People and Events

• American Colonization Society
• William Lloyd Garrison
• Sarah Grimké
• Angelina Grimké
• David Walker
• Frederick Douglass
• Sojourner Truth
• Elijah Lovejoy

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Section 2-Polling Question
Rate your agreement with the following statement
Civil disobedience is appropriate when you feel a
law is unjust. A. Strongly agree B. Somewhat
agree C. Somewhat disagree D. Strongly disagree

1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D

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Section 2
Early Efforts to End Slavery
During the early 1800s, some Americans began to
call for an end to slavery.
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Section 2
Early Efforts to End Slavery (cont.)

• Abolitionists were among the growing band of
  reformers who worked to abolish slavery.

• The first large-scale antislavery effort, the
  American Colonization Society, attempted to
  resettle African Americans back to Africa and the
  Caribbean.

The Abolition Movement
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Section 2
Early Efforts to End Slavery (cont.)

• Many African Americans had been in the United
  States for generations and did not want to leave.

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Section 2
When and by whom was the American Colonization
Society formed? A. In 1816 by abolitionists
from Massachusetts B. In 1816 by white
Virginians C. In 1820 by transcendentalists D. In
1820 by former enslaved African Americans.

1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D

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Section 2
The Movement Changes
Beginning in the 1830s, slavery became the most
pressing issue for reformers.
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Section 2
The Movement Changes (cont.)

• As reformers saw the South becoming more
  dependent on slave labor, the pressure to end
  slavery increased.

• William Lloyd Garrison of Massachusetts started
  an antislavery newspaper called The Liberator.
• Among the first women to speak out publicly
  against slavery were sisters Sarah and Angelina
  Grimké.

The Founding of Liberia
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Section 2
The Movement Changes (cont.)

• David Walker, Frederick Douglass, and Sojourner
  Truth were among the most prominent African
  Americans to speak out against slavery.

• The Underground Railroad was a network of escape
  routes and safe houses that enabled enslaved
  African Americans to escape to freedom in the
  North.

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Section 2
Although the Underground Railroad was able to
help only a small number of slaves, how did it
empower the Abolitionist movement? A. It gave
abolitionists a practical way to help enslaved
African Americans. B. It helped raise money to
buy freedom for slaves. C. It helped create a
better railway system in the Southern United
States. D. It helped to educate slaveholders.

1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D

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Section 2
Clashes Over Abolitionism
Many Southerners and Northerners opposed
abolition.
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Section 2
Clashes Over Abolitionism (cont.)

• Many Southerners feared that abolishing slavery
  would end their way of life, and many Northerners
  opposed abolition because they feared it would
  pose a threat to the nations social order.

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Section 2
Clashes Over Abolitionism (cont.)

• Abolitionists often were persecuted in the North.

• A Boston mob attacked and threatened to hang
  abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison.
• Elijah Lovejoy was killed by an angry mob who
  opposed his antislavery newspaper.

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Section 2
Clashes Over Abolitionism (cont.)

• Southerners claimed that because they provided
  food, clothing, and medical care to their
  enslaved workers, slaves were treated better than
  Northern factory workers.

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Section 2
Which of the following arguments did pro-slavery
Southerners use against abolition? A. They
claimed that slave labor was essential to the
South, allowing Southern whites to reach a high
level of culture. B. They argued that many
abolitionists were also secretly
slaveholders. C. They argued that abolitionists
only wanted to free enslaved workers so that
they could work in Northern factories. D. They
stated that abolitionists wanted to
steal Southerners farms.

1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D

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Section 2-End
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Section 3-Essential Question
What were the effects of the womens rights
movement of the middle to late 1800s?
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Section 3-Key Terms
Reading Guide
Content Vocabulary

• suffrage
• coeducation

Academic Vocabulary

• capable
• ministry

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Section 3-Key Terms
Reading Guide (cont.)
Key People and Events

• Lucretia Mott
• Elizabeth Cady Stanton
• Susan B. Anthony
• Catherine Beecher
• Emma Hart Willard
• Mary Lyon
• Elizabeth Blackwell

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Section 3-Polling Question
Rate your agreement with the following statement
Women have equal rights with men in the United
States today. A. Strongly agree B. Somewhat
agree C. Somewhat disagree D. Strongly disagree

1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D

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Section 3
Women and Reform
Women organized to win equal rights.
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Section 3
Women and Reform (cont.)

• Women abolitionists like Lucretia Mott and
  Elizabeth Cady Stanton fought for womens rights
  as well as an end to slavery.

• The Seneca Falls Convention of 1848 called for
  woman suffrage and an end to laws that
  discriminated against women.

Womens Rights
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Section 3
Women and Reform (cont.)

• As the womens movement grew, advocates like
  Susan B. Anthony fought for coeducation in the
  nations schools and universities.

Womens Rights
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Section 3
What happened at the Seneca Falls Convention in
1848? A. Delegates called for an end to child
labor. B. Delegates passed a resolution in
favor of voting rights for all African
Americans. C. Delegates demanded that women be
given the right to vote. D. Delegates petitioned
the United States to add an Equal Rights
Amendment to the Constitution.

1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D

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Section 3
Progress by Women
Women made progress in achieving equality in
education, marriage laws, and professional
employment.
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Section 3
Progress by Women (cont.)

• Many womens rights advocates like Catherine
  Beecher and Emma Hart Willard believed that women
  would make very capable teachers.

• Mount Holyoke College was founded by Mary Lyon to
  give women an opportunity to study subjects
  previously considered suitable only for men.

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Section 3
Progress by Women (cont.)

• Marriage and family law reform enabled women to
  own property after marriage and to seek divorce
  in certain situations.

• Employment in professions such as medicine and
  the ministry were dominated by men.
• Elizabeth Blackwell was a pioneer for women in
  the medical field.

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Section 3
Under the new marriage laws passed in Indiana,
when could a woman seek divorce from her husband?
A. If he could not provide adequately for the
family B. If he abused their children C. If they
disagreed on how to raise their children D. If
he was a chronic abuser of alcohol

1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D

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Section 3-End
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Figure 1
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Figure 3
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Vocab1
revival a series of meetings conducted by a
preacher to arouse religious emotions
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Vocab2
utopia community based on a vision of a perfect
society sought by reformers
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Vocab3
temperance the use of little or no alcoholic
drink
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Vocab4
normal school a two-year school for training
high school graduates as teachers
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Vocab5
transcendentalist any of a group of New England
writers who stressed the relationship between
human beings and nature, spiritual things over
material things, and the importance of the
individual conscience
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Vocab6
civil disobedience refusal to obey laws that are
considered unjust as a nonviolent way to press
for changes
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Vocab7
lecture talk or speech given to an individual or
a group for education or as a gentle scolding
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Vocab8
author writer
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Vocab9
abolitionist a person who strongly favors doing
away with slavery
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Vocab10
Underground Railroad a system that helped
enslaved African Americans follow a network
of escape routes out of the South to freedom in
the North
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Vocab11
route line of travel
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Vocab12
medical health pertaining to the practice of
medicine
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Vocab13
suffrage the right to vote
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Vocab14
coeducation the teaching of male and female
students together
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Vocab15
capable having the necessary abilities
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Vocab16
ministry the office, duties, or functions of a
minister
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