How does one differentiate between transverse and longitudinal waves?

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Waves

• How does one differentiate between transverse and
  longitudinal waves?
• 7.11.6

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Wave

• Waves are a disturbance that transfers energy
  from place to place.
• Waves can be Transverse, Longitudinal
  (Compressional), or Electromagnetic.

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Types of waves Waves are classified according
to how they move.

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Mechanical Waves

• Waves are created when a source of energy causes
  a medium to vibrate.
• A vibration is a repeated back and forth or up
  and down motion.

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Mechanical Waves

• Can be transverse or longitudinal.
• All mechanical waves need a material medium to
  shake vibrate.
• The wave medium is not the wave and it doesn't
  make the wave it merely carries or transports
  the wave from its source to other locations.
• A medium can be a gas, liquid, or solid.

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What type of mechanical wave is this?
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Transverse wave

• Transverse means across. The highest parts are
  called crests the lowest parts are called
  troughs.
• A wave in which the motion of the medium is
  perpendicular to the motion of the wave.
• The motion of the medium is up and down. The
  motion of the wave is right or left.
• This movement creates right angles to the
  direction in which the waves are traveling.
• Example Seismic Secondary (S) waves

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What type of mechanical wave is this?
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Compressional Wave

• Matter vibrates in the same direction as the wave
  travels.
• The motion of the medium is left or right.
• The motion of the wave is left or right.
• Sound waves are longitudinal. The air vibrates
  back and forth along the same direction as the
  wave is traveling.
• Example Slinky

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Compressional /Longitudinal Wave

• Rarefactions, where the parts of the medium are
  farther apart than normal (troughs).
• Compressions, where the parts of the medium
  (coils of the Slinky) are closer together than
  normal (crests).

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Points A, B, and C create a _______.
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The straight line that runs from A to G is called
what?
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C, D, and E form what part of the wave?
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Combinations of waves

• Surface waves are a combination of transverse and
  longitudinal waves. The waves occur at the
  surface between water and air.

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Not all waves require a medium to travel.
ElectromagneticWaves

• Light from the sun travels through empty space.

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Electromagnetic Waves

• EM waves are transverse waves consisting of
  changing electric fields and magnetic fields.
• EM waves do not require a medium. They travel
  through a vacuum, or empty space, as well as
  through matter.
• This is called electromagnetic radiation.
• Electromagnetic radiation behaves like a wave and
  like a particle.

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How are EM waves produced?

• Electric Field
• Exerts electric force on charged particles. They
  can be produce by changing magnetic fields
• Magnetic Field
• Exerts magnetic forces and can be produced by
  changing electric fields.
• Electromagnetic waves are produced when an
  electric charge vibrates or accelerates. In
  other words it is produced in constantly changing
  fields.

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How do they travel?

• The fields regenerate each other.
• The magnetic and electric fields of an
  electromagnetic wave are perpendicular to each
  other and to the direction of the wave.

http//www.walter-fendt.de/ph14e/emwave.htm
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Direction of Propagation
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Magnetic Field
Electric Field
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Electromagnetic Waves

• There are different types of electromagnetic
  waves
• Radio waves
• Infrared waves
• Visible light waves
• Ultraviolet light waves
• X-rays
• Gamma rays
• These waves can travel through air, through the
  walls of your house, and even to your TV and
  radio.

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Summarize

• 3 List the three types of waves.
• 2 Name the two parts of a transverse wave.
• 2 Name the two parts of a longitudinal wave.
• 1 How are the transverse waves and longitudinal
  waves similar?