History of Design

1
History of Design
Room Key
2
Drawing

• A means for communication
• Design is used to relay a visual concept

Safety Proportion Line
Quality
Color Texture
Efficiency Shape

Durability
Tolerance
Functionality
Maintenance Consideration
Elements
3
Change

• Technology has made advances in fabricating and
  design techniques that are clearly seen looking
  back through the history books

4
Prior to the Industrial Revolution

• Cave men
• Scratched symbols and scenes on cave walls
  providing us with a record of life and skills
  known during the Stone Age
• The Oudea fortress
• The first known floor plan of buildings to be
  constructed in an orderly fashion
• Objects were handmade one at a time

5
Early Drafting Tools
6
Fabricating Techniques 4000BC-1800AD
Forming Processes
Hammering, Stamping, Casting
Joining Processes
Soldering, Riveting, Forge Welding, and Gluing
Example of an early cast piece
7
Industrial Revolution

• Parts were made in batches (1850)
• Mass production (1900)
• Need for interchanging parts
• Measuring tools were developed
• Profits
• Efficient use of time and materials
• Replacement parts were desired

8
Fabricating Techniques 1800AD-1900AD
Forming Processes
Electroplating, Steel Rolling
Tools
Shaping, Milling
Example of milling
9
Fabricating Techniques 1900AD-1920AD
Forming Processes
Tube Rolling, Hot Extrusion
Tools
Geared Lathes, Hobbing,
High Speed, and Carbide Tools
Example of a geared lathe
10
Fabricating Techniques 1920AD-1970AD
Forming Processes
Powdered Metals, Electroforming, and
Explosive Forming
Tools
Numerical Control, Electrical and Chemical
Machining, and Synthetic Diamond
Example of a CNC part
11
Fabricating Techniques 1970AD-2000AD
Forming Processes
Plastic Forming, Computer-Aided Design and
Manufacturing, and Rapid Prototyping
Tools
Coated Tools, Water Jet Machines, Electrical
Discharge, Industrial Robots, Programmable Logic
Controls, and Unattended Factories
Example of Stereolithography
12
Current Drafting and Design Tools
13
Manufacturing Techniques