When You Hear

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When You HearAncient EgyptWhat Do You Think
Of?
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This of course, is based on popular legends and
Hollywood.
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This presentation is an over-view of Chapter 2,
Section 1, Please open your book to page 38.
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Mediterranean Sea
Satellite View of the Nile River and Egypt
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Water flows down hill. The Nile flows and empties
into the Mediterranean Sea. So. Upper Egypt is
higher (upper) and water flows to Lower Egypt
(below) which empties into the Mediterranean.
Make sense?
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Some Nile Factspage 39

• Hunters and gatherers moved into the Nile River
  valley between 6000 B.C. to 5000 B.C.
• The Nile River Valley was green and fertile.
• The Nile River provided water to the dry land.
• Water was used for drinking, cooking, cleaning,
  and farming.
• The river also provided fish and supported plants
  and animals.
• The Blue Nile and the White Nile come together to
  form the Nile River

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Some More Interesting Nile FactsPage 40

• Just before the Nile empties into the
  Mediterranean Sea it branches out and forms a
  delta. The delta soil is very fertile.
• To the left of the Nile is the largest desert in
  the world! The Sahara Desert. To the right side
  is the Eastern Desert.
• Ancient Egyptians called the deserts the Red
  Land because of their extreme dryness heat.
• The deserts kept enemies (the bad guys) away.
• In the south, dangerous cataracts blocked enemies
  from approaching Egyptian villages and cities.
• The Mediterranean Sea did allowed ships into
  Egypt.

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Page 41
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Nile River People NotesPage 41-42

• Egyptians depended on the Niles floods to grow
  their crops.
• The Nile floods each spring brought very fertile
  soil (silt) to the farmlands.
• Farmers along the Nile planted wheat, barley, and
  flax. This provided enough food for themselves
  and their animals.
• Egyptian farmers knew to use irrigation.
• The Shadoof was invented to help lift water
  from the river and wells.

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Page 42
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Page 43
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More River People Notes

• Egyptians also developed geometry to survey
  (measure land).
• Egyptians used papyrus (a reed-plant that grows
  along the nile) to make baskets, sandals, rafts,
  and later a form of paper.
• Egyptians also developed a form of writing using
  picture-symbols called hieroglyphics.

Scribes used hieroglyphics to keep written
records.
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Page 43
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Two United Kingdoms

• The King of Upper Egypt, King Narmer (also called
  King Menes) conquered Lower Egypt and united the
  two kingdoms.
• As one united kingdom the Egyptian civilization
  grew and prospered.
• Farming grew, as did other job specializations,
  as did astronomy and mathematics.

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Dynasty

• King Narmer wore a combined red and white crown.
  He wore the white which symbolized Upper Egypt
  and red which symbolized Lower Egypt.
• Together, the white and the red symbolized a
  united Egypt, of which he was the king.
• When King Narmer died, his son became pharaoh,
  and then his son, and so on. Such a succession of
  rulers in one family is called a dynasty.

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Egyptian Society

• Much like Mesopotamia
• Pharaoh, or king, is highest
• Priests and Nobles next
• Traders, artisans, shopkeepers, and scribes
• Farmers and herders
• Unskilled workers

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Glencoe Nile Valley Video
Click To View
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What Is Papyrus, And How Did The Egyptians Use
It?Page 46, What Did You Learn?
A leafy plant eaten for its vitamins
A waterway connecting the Blue and White Niles
A reed type plant used to make sandals,
baskets, and paper
A reed type of plant Used as a medicine
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Correct!

• Papyrus was used for all of those things and
  more!

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What Rights Did Women Have In Ancient Egypt?
Women had few or no rights
They could own and pass on property, buy and
sell goods, make wills, divorce
They had only rights given to them by the Pharaoh
They were allowed to own cattle and ducks
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Correct!

• Egypt was one of the only early civilizations in
  which women had rights comparable to those of men.

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Describe The Ancient Egyptian Writing System.
Picture-symbols called Hieroglyphics were used
A system called Cuneiform was used
Alpha-numeric symbols were used
They had not yet developed writing
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Correct!

• Hieroglyphics were a highly developed system of
  writing. Scribes were responsible for using it to
  keep written records.

Continue
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What Was The Significance of Narmers Double
Crown?
It was only for decoration
It meant that he was one two kings who ruled
He was very arrogant and wanted two crowns
He wore a double crown after he conquered Lower
Egypt
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Correct!
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• Narmer, or Menes, wanted all to know that he was
  king of all of Egypt!

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