Drake Chemical Superfund site

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Drake Chemical Superfund site

• Chemical contamination and full-scale remedial
  action
• By- Aung Khant Kyaw
• Mohammed al-kohlani

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Contents

• Background of the site
• Types of contaminants
• Remedial actions
• Major remedial actions
• Current condition and results

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Location

• Located in Pennsylvania, US
• Owned by Drake Chemical

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Background

• The site is used for manufacturing of
• chemical intermediate colour dyes
• pesticides
• plant addictives
• cosmetics
• textiles

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Surrounding area affected

• 10,300 people living within one mile
• Contaminated off-site lands
• Contaminated surface water

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Sources of contamination

• Two lined lagoons waste water treatment lagoons
  and two unlined
• Drums and bulk waste might have also been buried
  on the site
• History usage of the site for producing
  beta-naphthylamine

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Hazardous contaminants

• Di-choloro benzene
• Tri-chorophenly lactic acid (FENAC)
• Penta-chorophenol
• ARSENIC
• Other hazardous carcinogens

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Remedial actions

• Operable Unit-1
• Operable Unit-2
• Operable Unit-3
• Operable Unit-4

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Operable Unit 1

• Remediation of an off-site leachate stream
• Approximately cost of 1.4 million for-
• Excavation the contaminated soil
• Construction of a French drain to collect runoff
  from lagoon
• Construction of a cap to cover conduit and
  adjacent surface soil.

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Operable Unit 2

• Prevention threat of direct contact with the
  contaminants
• Approximate cost of 4.5million for the process
  of

• Demolishing and removal of the buildings,
  tanks, debris and lined wastewater lagoons

• Removal and transportation of stored chemical

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Operable Unit 3 (OU-3)

• Most important phase
• On-site remediation of contaminated soil, sludge
  and debris
• Cost approximately 140million

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Alternatives for OU-3

• No action
• Treating the excavated soil with rotary kiln
  incineration
• Treating with infrared incineration
• Installing injection and extracting wells for
  soil washing
• In-situ vitrification and re-vegetation of site

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Treating the excavated soil with rotary kiln
incineration

• Removal and treatment of aqueous wastes from
  Leachate lagoon area
• Installation of necessary flood control measure
• Removal of drums and tanks
• Excavate around 252,000 m3 of contaminated
  sludge/soils/sediments
• Incinerator ash used in
• backfilling

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• Maximum soil feed at 60 tonnes per hour through
  conveyor
• Combustion process at 1200F in the rotary kiln
• Complete combustion process at 1800F in secondary
  combustion chamber
• Treated soil and fly ash used as fill material

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Operable Unit 4

• Remediation of the contaminated groundwater
• Design and construct on-site wastewater treatment
  system with extraction well

• Collect and treat all the contaminated water that
  enters the site
• Pump ground water to the treatment system
• Analyze residuals and use it as backfill

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Current condition and results

• Only 3 of the soil required re-treatment
• Decrease in most compounds in zone 2
• Long-term clean up can be achieved
• However, beta-naphthylamine has increased in one
  well to above the performance standard
• Ground water treatment is expected to take around
  30 years

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• Any
• questions?

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Questions Discussion