THE BODY

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Parts of a Speech

• THE BODY

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Purpose of the Body

• The Body of your speech is the heart, the brain,
  even the nerve center of the entire presentation.
  It is the place where you exhibitin an
  organized manneryour powers of persuasion and
  reasoning. Audiences need to be convinced. They
  need to be informed. They need to be shown.
  After your audience hears your introduction and
  knows your thesis, you need to show or prove your
  point.

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Organizational Patterns

• Once you have gathered all of your supporting
  materialsdetails, research, personal ideas,
  etcyou must figure out how you are going to
  organize all of this information in the body of
  your speech.
• If you were to go on a road trip, there would be
  many routes you could take to get where you want
  to go. You would choose the route that best
  satisfies your needs in terms of time, scenery,
  road conditions, and points of interest. You
  will do the same when choosing an organizational
  pattern for your speech.

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Organizational Pattern 1

• Chronological Pattern
• The chronological pattern of organization puts
  things in a time sequence.
• This is an excellent choice if you want your
  audience to see the parts of your speech building
  into a complete picture from beginning to end.
• Example
• The Evolution of Batman as a Heroic Figure
• Initial comic book portrayal
• 1950s and 1960s TV show portrayal
• 1990s movie portrayal

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Organizational Pattern 2

• Climactic Pattern
• In the climactic pattern, you organize your main
  points in order of importanceit gives your
  speech dramatic impact because it allows the
  speech to build in significance.
• This is an excellent choice if you want to save
  your most important point for last.
• Example
• Types of Crime in America
• Shoplifting
• White-collar crime
• Violent crime

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Organizational Pattern 3

• Spatial Pattern
• The spatial pattern of organization divides up
  your topic on the basis of space relationships.
• This is an excellent choice if you want your
  audience to see how the body of your speech fits
  together by the spatial layout picture that you
  create for them.
• Example
• Introducing the Modern School
• Library is the central hub
• Classrooms radiate from the library
• Offices are extensions

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Organizational Pattern 4

• Cause-Effect Pattern
• In the cause-effect pattern, you are saying to
  your listeners, because of that, this happened.
  
• This is an excellent choice if you are trying to
  show how one area (the cause) leads directly to
  the other area (the effect).
• Example
• Anorexia
• Causes
• Media influence
• Low self-esteem
• Effects
• Physical problems
• Emotional problems

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Organizational Pattern 5

• Problem-Solution Pattern
• In the problem-solution pattern, you are
  presenting a problem and then providing ideas
  about how the problem can be solved.
• This is an excellent choice if you are putting
  together a logical speech that will show
  insightful analysis in areas that are easy for
  your audience to follow.
• Example
• There is a need to recycle
• Problems
• Lack of knowledge
• Economics
• Solutions
• Education in schools and the media
• Personal commitment

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Choosing an Organizational Pattern

• Different topics call for different
  organizations.
• Combine your content with your originality and
  choose wisely.
• Organize your speech so that your audience enjoys
  the journey you are taking them on.

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Your next task.

• Continue your practice speech with your group.
• Decide on an organizational pattern
• Decide on details and supporting information for
  each of your three main points.
• Write the body of your speech on your paper.

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Parts of a Speech

• THE CONCLUSION

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The Conclusion

• It has been said that if you want to deliver a
  good speech to your audience, you should tell
  em what youre gonna tell em, tell em, and
  then tell em what you told em.
• This statement is not only amusing, but also
  contains a great deal of truth.
• The lesson? After a solid introduction and body,
  you need a conclusion to wrap up what you have
  said.

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Parts of a Conclusion

1. An effective summary of the major points of the
   speech and a re-statement of the thesis
2. A final clincher or final impression.

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Sample Conclusion

• 1 Over the past few minutes, you have seen how
  laughter can make you a more productive and
  effective worker, a more sensitive friend and
  family member, and even a healthier person. I
  think that after hearing that laughter can
  actually help us overcome serious illness and can
  help terminally ill patients live two to four
  years longer we should all start to smile. So,
  lets establish and maintain a laughing
  attitude. We can all do itand it costs
  nothing. 2 Therefore, the words that you heard
  at the beginning of this speech, Let a smile be
  your umbrella, might be sound advice. Go ahead
  and laugh! Hopefully, the world will laugh with
  you!

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The Summary

• The summary is the first part of your conclusion.
• It should
• Remind your audience of your major areas you
  covered in your speech
• Possibly contain a particularly memorable or
  hard-hitting detail. (But avoid being too
  repetitive!)
• Re-state your thesis

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The Final Impression

• Just as it is important to make a good first
  impression, it is important to final a solid
  final impression
• Your final statement ends your speech, clinches
  your argument, and makes a memorable final
  impression.
• Things to think about with your final impression
• The same things that can be used as
  attention-getters work well here, too.
• Think about ending in a way similar to the way
  you began.
• Choose something that fits the mood of your
  speech, that makes sense, and that brings so
  finality to your speech so the audience knows you
  have finished.

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Your next task.

• Write a conclusion (include both parts mentioned)
  to your speech.
• Read over your entire speech.
• Have someone read the speech and time it!!
• Everyone needs to take a turn giving the speech
  to your group.
• Choose one person who would be willing to present
  your speech to the class.
• Help that person to preparegive feedback! Think
  about what makes a good speech! Practice!