Enzymes

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Enzymes

• Textbook Pages 69-74

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Enzymes are important

• Digestion, Immune function, cell division, etc.
• Basically everything produced or changed in our
  bodies
• When enzymes go wrong
• Lactose intolerance
• Diabetes
• thyroidism
• Death

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What is an enzyme?

• Catalyst
• Substance that speeds up a specific chemical
  reaction without being consumed in it
• In other words, reduces the activation energy of
  a specific reaction

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Ok, but how do they work?

• Work on a particular substrate
• Bind to the substrate to form the
  enzyme-substrate complex
• Then breaks apart into
• 1) Products of the reaction
• 2) Unchanged enzyme

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• http//highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/s
  tudent_view0/chapter2/animation__how_enzymes_work.
  html

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Models of enzyme function

• Lock and key model

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Models of enzyme function

• Induced fit model
• http//www.sumanasinc.com/webcontent/animations/co
  ntent/enzymes/enzymes.html

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Factors that influence enzyme activity

• Temperature
• 37 C for humans mostly
• Denaturation
• Concentration of enzyme
• Concentration of substrate
• pH
• Stomach vs. Intestines

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Enzyme Cofactors of Coenzymes

• Molecules or elements that bind to enzymes to
  allow them to function
• Ex Zinc, B vitamins

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Enzyme inhibition

• Competitive inhibitors

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Enzyme inhibition

• Noncompetitive inhibition

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Allosteric regulation
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Negative feedback inhibition