10th%20Euro%20Studies%204.30.15

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10th Euro Studies 4.30.15

• Turn in
• Nothing
• Take out
• Planner
• Notes
• Note-taking devices
• Todays Learning Objectives
• I can understand how the end of WWII contributed
  to an increased sense of tension between Allied
  nations.

• Todays Agenda
• The Long Telegram
• The Truman Doctrine
• HW
• NONE

2
Aftermath of WWII

• Millions of people displaced
• Homes, cities, families lost
• Survivors of concentration and labor camps DPs
• Agriculture disrupted
• Famine and starvation become widespread right
  after the war
• No infrastructure for economics to resume
• Some governments survived
• Scandinavian countries, Netherlands, Belgium,
  Britain
• Some of course did not, and many were unstable
• Germany, Italy
• Turkey, Greece
• Communism becomes very attractive

3
The Iron Curtain
From Stettin in the Balkans, to Trieste in the
Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across
the Continent. Behind that line lies the ancient
capitals of Central and Eastern Europe.
-- Sir Winston Churchill, 1946
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The Long Telegram
George Kennan been working in the USSR since
1933
Helped establish the first US embassy in USSR
February 1946Truman needs to KNOW some key
points
(1) Basic features of post-war Soviet
outlook. (2) Background of this outlook (3) Its
projection in practical policy on official
level. (4) Its projection on unofficial
level. (5) Practical deductions from standpoint
of US policy.
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The Long Telegram
George Kennan been working in the USSR since
1933
Helped establish the first US embassy in USSR
February 1946Truman needs to KNOW some key
points

• YOU will be helping determine the meaning of
  Kennans telegram.
• In your group, please read through the portion of
  the telegram assigned.20 minutes
• Be prepared to report back to the class
• Written (1 per group) and oral form

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The Novikov Telegram
USSRs ambassador in the USA
Used as the basis of Soviet policy on the US and
Europe
now in a situation that differs greatly from
the one that existed in the prewar
period. Europe has come out of the war with a
completely dislocated economy, and the economic
devastation that occurred in the course of the
war cannot be overcome in a short time. All of
the countries of Europe and Asia are experiencing
a colossal need for consumer goods, industrial
and transportation equipment, etc. Such a
situation provides American monopolistic capital
with prospects for enormous shipments of goods
and the importation of capital into these
countries -- a circumstance that would permit it
to infiltrate their national economies. a stage
on the road to world domination
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The Ideological Struggle
Soviet Eastern Bloc NationsIron Curtain
US the Western Democracies
GOAL ? spread world-wide Communism
GOAL ? Containment of Communism the eventual
collapse of the Communist world.George Kennan

• METHODOLOGIES
• Espionage KGB vs. CIA
• Arms Race nuclear escalation
• Ideological Competition for the minds and hearts
  of Third World peoples Communist govt. command
  economy vs. democratic govt. capitalist
  economy ? proxy wars
• Bi-Polarization of Europe NATO vs. Warsaw Pact

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Truman Doctrine March 1947

1. Contain Communist influenceCONTAINMENT
2. Civil War in Greece Turkey under pressure from
   the USSR for concessions in the Dardanelles.
3. The U. S. should support free peoples throughout
   the world who were resisting takeovers by armed
   minorities or outside pressuresWe must assist
   free peoples to work out their own destinies in
   their own way.
4. The U.S. gave Greece Turkey 400 million in
   aid.
5. After approximately 2 years, the Communist
   threat had passed, Greece and Turkey in
   Western sphere of influence.

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Truman Doctrine March 1947
http//www.history.com/speeches/the-truman-doctrin
ethe-truman-doctrine