Injuries to Muscles, Bones, and Joints

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Injuries to Muscles, Bones, and Joints

• Health 10
• September 16, 2008

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Muscles, Bones, Tendons, and Ligaments

• The bodys skeleton is made up of bones and
  muscles and the tendons and ligaments that
  connect them.

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Musculoskeletal Injuries

• 1. Fractures
• A complete break, a chip, or a crack in a bone.
• Fractures are open or closed
• Fractures are life threatening only if they
  involve breaks in large bones such as the thigh,
  sever an artery, or affect breathing.

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Musculoskeletal Injuries (cont.)

• 2. Dislocations
• Movement of a bone at a joint away from its
  normal position.
• Tearing the ligaments that hold the bones in
  place.
• Displaced bone end often forms a bump, a ridge,
  or hollow that doesnt normally exist.

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Musculoskeletal Injuries (cont.)

• 3. Sprain
• Tearing of ligaments at a joint.
• Mild sprains may swell but usually heal quickly.
• Joints most easily injured are the ankle, knee,
  wrist, and fingers.

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Musculoskeletal Injuries (cont.)

• Strain
• Stretching or tearing of muscles and tendons.
• Often caused by lifting something heavy or
  working a muscle too hard.
• Usually involves muscles in the neck, back, or
  thigh or the back of the lower leg.

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Signals of Injury

• Pain
• Swollen and red, or bruised
• Twisted or strangely bent
• Lumps, ridges, and hollows
• Victim may hear a snap or pop at the time of the
  injury or feel bones grating.

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When should you can an ambulance?

• Head, neck, or back injury.
• The victim is having problems breathing.
• The victim is unable to move or use the injured
  part without pain.

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General Care
Ice applied to an injury helps reduce swelling
and pain.

• R.I.C.E
• Rest Ice Compression - Elevation

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What is the purpose of splinting?

• To keep an injured area from moving.
• Anatomic splint
• A part of the victims body used as a splint.
• Soft splint
• A blanket, towel, or pillow used as a splint.
• Sling
• A triangular bandage can be used as a sling to
  splint an injured arm, wrist, or hand.
• Rigid splint
• Boards, folded magazines, and newspapers, and
  metal strips used as rigid splint.

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Steps for applying a splint

• Check for feeling, warmth and color before and
  after applying a splint.
• Always splint above and below the injury.
• Only splint in the position you find the injury.
• Tie the splint snug. Not so
• tight that it cuts off circulation,
• or too loose so that the injured
• area can be moved.