Plant Health 2. Farm Bio-security

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Plant Health 2. Farm Bio-security

• Level II Agricultural Business Operations

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Introduction

• Objectives
• Understand what biosecurity is
• Identify farm biosecurity risks methods of
  transmission
• Be able to give examples of notifiable weeds,
  pests and diseases.
• Consider farm biosecurity measures that can be
  practically implemented

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What is Biosecurity?

• Biosecurity refers to measures that are taken to
  stop the spread or introduction of harmful
  organisms to human, animal and plant life.
• Harmful organisms could be either
• Diseases
• Pests
• Weeds

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Goals of Farm Biosecurity

• Farm biosecurity is a set of measures designed to
  protect a farm from the entry and spread of pests
  and diseases.
• The same principles apply within the farm,
  preventing disease weeds and pests spreading
  between fields or batches of stored produce.

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Who is responsible?

• Farm biosecurity is your responsibility, and that
  of every person visiting or working on your
  property.
• This includes
• Employees
• Contractors
• Those delivering goods or services

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Routes of Entry
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Diseases Potato blight

• The major foliage disease of potatoes
• Spread by wind, water, soil or direct contact.
• Fungicide problems

Biosecurity measures to reduce disease spread

• Potato dumps - First source of infection
• Control volunteers/ground-keepers
• Use inoculum free seed

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• PCN Potato Eelworm

• Reducing the Risk

• Rotation
• Plant certified basic seed
• PCN soil sampling when using farm saved seed
• Clean shared machinery
• Dispose of grader waste to an on-farm tip or
  field of origin
• Do not feed or spread untreated vegetable waste
• Be wary of imported animal manures

• Soil can harbour PCN
• Cysts can survive in soil for up to 25 years
• Widespread in ware potato land
• Builds up with regular potato cropping

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Weeds

• Methods of Spread

• Biosecurity Measures

• Manure or Straw
• Wind
• Seed
• Balers
• Combine Harvesters

• Only import FYM from known source
• Use home saved or certified seed
• Harvest weed infested fields last
• Blow down/clean machinery
• Control noxious weeds

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• Implementation of EU Sustainable Use Directive
• (SUD)
• Announced by UK Government in July 2012
• Requirements
• IPMP
• Operator Certification
• Sprayer Testing
• What is IPMP?

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What is Integrated Pest Management?

• The holistic use of all available plant
  protection methods and subsequent integration of
  appropriate measures to discourage the
  development of weed, pest and disease populations
  and keep the use of pesticide and other
  interventions to levels that are economically and
  ecologically justified and minimize risks to
  human health and the environment.
• (Based on the FAO and Sustainable Use Directive
  definition).

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IPMP

• What - Integrated pest management plan
• Why - Requirement of SUD
• Who - Any farm using professional
  pesticides to produce crops
• When Once (reviewed annually)
• Where - http//www.nfuonline.com/ipm-plan/

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Summary

• Farm biosecurity - measures designed to protect a
  farm from the entry and spread of pests and
  diseases.
• Routes of entry be aware of the risks
• Minimising the disease risk reducing weed
  spread
• Pest problems
• Notifiable weeds, pests and diseases
• IPMP