4th edition L. H. Sperling

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Part 1.Introduction to Polymer Science

• 4th editionL. H. Sperling
• ISBN 0-471-70606-X

Midterm Final 50 Quizzes 50
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1. Introduction to Polymer Science
2. Chain Structure and Configuration
3. Dilute Solution
4. Concentrated Solution
5. The amorphous state
6. The crystalline state
7. Polymers in the liquid crystalline state
8. Glass-Rubber Transition Behavior
9. Cross-linked Polymers and Rubber Elasticty
10. Polymer Viscoelasticity and Rheology
11. Mechanical Behavior of Polymers
12. Polymer Surfaces and Interfaces
13. Muticomponent Polymeric Materials
14. Modern Polymer Topics

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Part 2.Polymer Crystallography

• Crystallization Mechanism
• Diffraction (WAXS/SAXS)

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Chapter 1. Introduction to Polymer Science
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Polymer comes from life
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From Caouchouc (weeping tree) to vulcanized
rubber
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Vulcanization of natural rubber
Charles Goodyear (1800-1860)
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Macromolecular Hypothesis
HERMANN STAUDINGER (1881-1965)
                                                  
          1953 Nobel Laureate in Chemistry for
his discoveries in the field of macromolecular
chemistry. Background Residence Germany
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1.1 From little molecules to big molecules
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Alkane/Polyethylene
Monomer ? oligomer ? polymer
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Molecular weight-melting temperature relationship
for the alkane series
Tm of PE
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Comparison of wax and polyethylene structure and
morphology
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Entanglement of polymer chains
Low molecular weight No entanglement
High molecular weight Chains are entangled
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1.2 Molecular weight and molecular weight
distributions
1.2.1 Effect on tensile strength
sb is tenile stress to break Mn is the
number-average molecular weight A and B are
constants
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1.2.2 Molecular weight average
Number average molecular weight
Weight average molecular weight
Mw/Mn polydispersity index
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1.3 Major polymer transition

• Glassy
• glassy transition
• rubbery plateau
• Rubbery flow
• Viscous flow

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1.4 Polymer synthesis and structure
1.4.1 Chain polymerization 1.4.1.1 Free Radical
polymerization
Initiation Propagation termination
1.4.1.2 initiation
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1.4.1.3 propagation
1.4.1.4 termination
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1.4.2 Step polymerization
1.4.2.1 A polyester condensation reaction
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Nylon 4
Nylon 48
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1.4.2.2 Stepwise nomenclature and structures
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1.5 Cross-linking, plasticizers, and fillers
The cross-linking of rubber with sulfur is called
vulcanization
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1.7 Historical development of industrial polymers
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PB
PE
PP
PI
PS
PAN
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PVAC
PVA
PVC
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Teflon
PMMA
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PPO
POM
Nylon66
PEO
Nylon6
PET